Boden Joseph, Blair Sarah, Newton-Howes Giles
Christchurch Health and Development Study, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand.
Community Alcohol and Drug Services, Capital and Coast District Health Board, Wellington, New Zealand.
Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2020 Sep;54(9):909-918. doi: 10.1177/0004867420924091. Epub 2020 May 23.
To examine the consequences of alcohol consumption and symptoms of alcohol use disorder during adolescence and later adulthood psychopathology and social outcomes.
A longitudinal, prospective birth cohort study, the Christchurch Health and Development Study, was examined across a 35-year period. We estimated the associations between two measures of adolescent alcohol use (volume of alcohol consumed and symptoms of alcohol use disorder) and two later internalising disorders, externalising psychopathology measured by substance use disorders and psychosocial outcomes in adulthood, adjusting for individual and family factors from childhood.
The pattern of results indicates alcohol symptoms predict internalising disorder in adulthood. Volume of alcohol used in adolescence predicted adult substance use disorders, lower educational attainment and higher risk of welfare benefit receipt in adulthood in fully adjusted models.
Early consumption of larger volumes of alcohol led to continuation of this pattern in adult life with resulting poorer educational achievement, increased welfare benefit receipt and substance use disorders. Early symptoms of alcohol use disorder, however, led to increased adult levels of mental health disorders. This relationship persisted within a 20-year study period and after adjustment for statistically significant covariate factors. The study shows that early patterns of alcohol use have a direct and specific impact upon adult outcomes.
研究青少年时期饮酒及酒精使用障碍症状对成年后期精神病理学和社会结局的影响。
对克赖斯特彻奇健康与发展纵向前瞻性出生队列研究进行了为期35年的考察。我们估计了青少年饮酒的两项指标（饮酒量和酒精使用障碍症状）与成年后两种内化障碍、由物质使用障碍衡量的外化精神病理学以及成年期心理社会结局之间的关联，并对童年时期的个体和家庭因素进行了调整。
结果模式表明，酒精症状可预测成年期的内化障碍。在完全调整模型中，青少年饮酒量可预测成年期物质使用障碍、较低的教育程度以及成年后领取福利救济的较高风险。
青少年时期早期大量饮酒会导致成年后继续保持这种模式，从而导致教育成就较差、领取福利救济增加以及物质使用障碍。然而，酒精使用障碍的早期症状会导致成年期心理健康障碍水平升高。这种关系在20年的研究期内以及在对具有统计学意义的协变量因素进行调整后依然存在。该研究表明，早期饮酒模式对成年结局有直接且特定的影响。
