Red Cross College of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Mar 18;18(6):3129. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18063129.
Health-related behaviors during adolescence could influence adolescents' health outcomes, leading to either advantageous or deteriorative conditions. Clustering of adolescents' health-related behaviors by gender identifies the target groups for intervention and informs the strategies to be implemented for behavioral changes.
Data from 1807 adolescents in grades 7 and 10 in a city in South Korea were used. Health-related behaviors including eating habits, physical activity, hand washing, brushing teeth, drinking alcohol, smoking, and Internet use were examined. Latent class analysis (LCA) was used to identify subgroups of adolescents with regard to their health-related behaviors.
A four-class model was the most adequate grouping classification across genders: adolescents with (1) healthy behaviors, (2) neither health-promoting nor health-risk behaviors, (3) good hygiene behaviors, and (4) unhealthy behaviors. The majority of both male and female adolescents were classified into the healthy group. Male adolescents belonging to the healthy group were more likely to engage in vigorous physical activities, while vigorous physical activity was not important for female adolescents. The smallest group was the unhealthy group, regardless of gender; however, the proportion of boys in the unhealthy group was almost twice that of girls. Only female adolescents engaged in excessive Internet use, especially the group with neither health-promoting nor health-risk behaviors.
To improve adolescents' health-related behaviors, it would be more effective to develop tailored interventions considering the behavioral profiles of the target groups.
青少年时期的健康相关行为会影响他们的健康结果，导致有利或恶化的情况。根据性别对青少年健康相关行为进行聚类，可以确定干预的目标群体，并为行为改变制定实施策略。
使用韩国某城市 7 年级和 10 年级 1807 名青少年的数据。考察了包括饮食习惯、身体活动、洗手、刷牙、饮酒、吸烟和上网在内的健康相关行为。采用潜在类别分析（LCA）根据健康相关行为对青少年进行分组。
跨性别最适合的分组分类是四分类模型：（1）健康行为，（2）既不促进健康也不构成健康风险的行为，（3）良好卫生行为，和（4）不健康行为。大多数男青少年和女青少年都被归入健康组。属于健康组的男青少年更有可能进行剧烈的身体活动，而剧烈的身体活动对女青少年并不重要。无论性别如何，不健康组的比例最小；然而，男孩在不健康组中的比例几乎是女孩的两倍。只有女青少年过度上网，尤其是既不促进健康也不构成健康风险行为的那一组。
为了改善青少年的健康相关行为，根据目标群体的行为特征制定有针对性的干预措施会更有效。
