Faculty of Resources and Environmental Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China; State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China.
Hubei Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration for River-Lakes and Algal Utilization, College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China.
Chemosphere. 2020 Oct;256:127101. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127101. Epub 2020 May 16.
Previous studies of the dynamics of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) have focused on deep stratified lakes. The objective of this study is to present an in-depth investigation of the structure and dynamics of sulfur bacteria (including SRB and SOB) in the water column of shallow freshwater lakes. A cyanobacterial bloom biomass (CBB)-amended mesocosm experiment was conducted in this study, in which water was taken from a shallow eutrophic lake with sulfate levels near 40 mg L. Illumina sequencing was used to investigate SRB and SOB species involved in CBB decomposition and the effects of the increases in sulfate input on the water column microbial community structure. The accumulation of dissolved sulfide (∑HS) produced by SRB during CBB decomposition stimulated the growth of SOB, and ∑HS was then oxidized back to sulfate by SOB in the water column. Chlorobaculum sequences (the main SOB species in the study) were significantly influenced by increases in sulfate input, with relative abundance increasing approximately four-fold in treatments amended with 40 mg L sulfate (referred to as 40S) when compared to the treatment without additional sulfate addition (referred to as CU). Additionally, an increase in SOB number was observed from day 26-37, concurrent with the decrease in SRB number, indicating the succession of sulfur bacteria. These findings suggest that biological sulfur oxidation and succession of sulfur bacteria occur in the water column during CBB decomposition in shallow freshwater ecosystems, and the increases in sulfate input stimulate microbial sulfur oxidation.
先前关于硫酸盐还原菌 (SRB) 和硫氧化菌 (SOB) 动态的研究主要集中在深分层湖泊上。本研究的目的是深入研究浅水湖泊水柱中硫细菌（包括 SRB 和 SOB）的结构和动态。本研究进行了一个含有蓝藻生物量（CBB）的中观实验，其中的水取自一个浅层富营养化湖泊，硫酸盐水平接近 40mg/L。Illumina 测序用于研究参与 CBB 分解的 SRB 和 SOB 物种，以及硫酸盐输入增加对水柱微生物群落结构的影响。SRB 在 CBB 分解过程中积累的溶解硫化物（∑HS）刺激了 SOB 的生长，然后 SOB 将∑HS 在水柱中氧化回硫酸盐。Chlorobaculum 序列（本研究中的主要 SOB 物种）受硫酸盐输入增加的显著影响，与没有额外添加硫酸盐的处理（CU）相比，添加 40mg/L 硫酸盐（40S）的处理中相对丰度增加了约四倍。此外，从第 26-37 天观察到 SOB 数量增加，同时 SRB 数量减少，表明硫细菌的演替。这些发现表明，在浅水生态系统中 CBB 分解过程中，水柱中发生了生物硫氧化和硫细菌的演替，硫酸盐输入的增加刺激了微生物硫氧化。
