Department of Biochemistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur.
Toxicon. 1988;26(11):989-96. doi: 10.1016/0041-0101(88)90197-3.
The toxic and biological activities of four samples of Trimeresurus purpureomaculatus venom were examined. The lethality, protein composition and biological activities of the four venom samples were similar. Three of the venom samples had LD50 (i.v.) values of 0.9 micrograms/g while the fourth had a lower LD50 (i.v.) of 0.45 micrograms/g. All four venom samples exhibited hemorrhagic, edema-inducing, anticoagulant and thrombin-like activities as well as the usual enzymes found in crotalid venoms. DEAE-Sephacel ion exchange chromatographic fractionation of the venom yielded 10 protein fractions. Only two fractions (fractions A and F) were lethal to mice; the major lethal fraction being fraction F. This fraction had an LD50 (i.v.) of 0.2 micrograms/g and exhibited hemorrhagic, edema-inducing and thrombin-like activity. It also exhibited phospholipase A, arginine ester hydrolase, arginine amidase, protease, 5'-nucleotidase, acetylcholinesterase and alkaline phosphomonoesterase activities. The lethal potency of fraction F is potentiated by fraction G, which exhibited anticoagulant activity as well as hemorrhagic, edema-inducing and enzymatic activities. Fractions F plus G account for almost 100% of the lethal potency of the venom.
对四种紫棕烙铁头蛇毒样品的毒性和生物活性进行了检测。这四种蛇毒样品的致死率、蛋白质组成和生物活性相似。其中三种蛇毒样品的静脉注射半数致死量（LD50）值为0.9微克/克，而第四种的静脉注射半数致死量较低，为0.45微克/克。所有四种蛇毒样品均表现出出血、致水肿、抗凝和类凝血酶活性以及响尾蛇科蛇毒中常见的酶。通过DEAE-葡聚糖凝胶离子交换色谱法对蛇毒进行分级分离，得到10个蛋白质级分。只有两个级分（A和F级分）对小鼠具有致死性；主要致死级分为F级分。该级分的静脉注射半数致死量为0.2微克/克，并表现出出血、致水肿和类凝血酶活性。它还表现出磷脂酶A、精氨酸酯水解酶、精氨酸酰胺酶、蛋白酶、5'-核苷酸酶、乙酰胆碱酯酶和碱性磷酸单酯酶活性。F级分的致死效力被G级分增强，G级分表现出抗凝活性以及出血、致水肿和酶活性。F级分加G级分几乎占蛇毒致死效力的100%。
