Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, P.O. Box 8146 Dep., 0033, Oslo, Norway; The University of Dodoma, College of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, P.O. Box 338, Dodoma, Tanzania; University of Dar es Salaam, Institute of Marine Sciences (UDSM-IMS), P.O. Box 668, Zanzibar, Tanzania.
Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Ullevålsveien 68, 0454 Oslo, Norway.
Toxicon. 2020 Aug;183:51-60. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2020.05.013. Epub 2020 May 23.
This study focused on identifying the rotenoids from the Tephrosia vogelli plant (fish-poison-bean), investigating the toxic potency of a crude T. vogelii extract and individual rotenoids (tephrosin, deguelin and rotenone) in vitro and in vivo and assessing the mode of action. A trout (Onychorynhis mykiss) gill epithelial cell line (RTgill-W1) was used to determine the cytotoxicity of rotenoids and effects on cell metabolism. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) aged from 3 h post fertilization (hpf) to 72 hpf were used for testing the developmental toxicity. The crude T. vogelii plant extract significantly decreased the cellular metabolic activity and was cytotoxic at lower concentrations (5 and 10 nM, respectively), while tephrosin, deguelin and rotenone showed these effects at concentrations ≥ 50 nM. The crude T. Vogelli extract had the highest toxic potency and induced adverse health effects in zebrafish including deformities and mortality at the lowest concentration (5 nM) compared to rotenone (10 nM) and deguelin and tephrosin (50 nM). These results indicate that the crude T. Vogelii extracts are highly potent and the bioactivity of these extracts warrant further investigation for their potential use to treat parasites in human and veterinary medicine and as a natural alternative to pesticides.
本研究集中于从 Tephrosia vogelli 植物（鱼毒豆）中鉴定鱼藤酮类化合物，研究粗提物和单个鱼藤酮类化合物（鱼藤素、去甲鱼藤酮和鱼藤酮）的体外和体内毒性以及作用模式。使用罗非鱼（Onychorynhis mykiss）鳃上皮细胞系（RTgill-W1）来确定鱼藤酮类化合物的细胞毒性及其对细胞代谢的影响。使用从受精后 3 小时（hpf）到 72 小时（hpf）的斑马鱼（Danio rerio）来测试发育毒性。粗提 T. vogelii 植物提取物显著降低了细胞代谢活性，并且在较低浓度（分别为 5 和 10 nM）时具有细胞毒性，而鱼藤素、去甲鱼藤酮和鱼藤酮在浓度≥50 nM 时表现出这些作用。与鱼藤酮（10 nM）和去甲鱼藤酮及鱼藤素（50 nM）相比，粗 T. Vogelli 提取物在最低浓度（5 nM）下对斑马鱼具有最高的毒性，并诱导了包括畸形和死亡率在内的不良健康影响。这些结果表明，粗 T. Vogelii 提取物具有很强的毒性，这些提取物的生物活性值得进一步研究，以将其潜在用于治疗人类和兽医医学中的寄生虫，并作为农药的天然替代品。
