Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland; Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education, Davos, Switzerland; Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine of Sensory and Motor Organs, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan.
Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University and University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2020 Nov;125(5):517-527. doi: 10.1016/j.anai.2020.05.016. Epub 2020 May 23.
Our understanding of the origin of allergic diseases has increased in recent years, highlighting the importance of microbial dysbiosis and epithelial barrier dysfunction in affected tissues. Exploring the microbial-epithelial-immune crosstalk underlying the mechanisms of allergic diseases will allow the development of novel prevention and treatment strategies for allergic diseases.
This review summarizes the recent advances in microbial, epithelial, and immune interactions in atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, and asthma.
We performed a literature search, identifying relevant recent primary articles and review articles.
Dynamic crosstalk between the environmental factors and microbial, epithelial, and immune cells in the development of atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, and asthma underlies the pathogenesis of these diseases. There is substantial evidence in the literature suggesting that environmental factors directly affect barrier function of the epithelium. In addition, T-helper 2 (T2) cells, type 2 innate lymphoid cells, and their cytokine interleukin 13 (IL-13) damage skin and lung barriers. The effects of environmental factors may at least in part be mediated by epigenetic mechanisms. Histone deacetylase activation by type 2 immune response has a major effect on leaky barriers and blocking of histone deacetylase activity corrects the defective barrier in human air-liquid interface cultures and mouse models of allergic asthma with rhinitis. We also present and discuss a novel device to detect and monitor skin barrier dysfunction, which provides an opportunity to rapidly and robustly assess disease severity.
A complex interplay between environmental factors, epithelium, and the immune system is involved in the development of systemic allergic diseases.
近年来，我们对过敏性疾病的发病机制有了更多的了解，这凸显了微生物失调和上皮屏障功能障碍在受影响组织中的重要性。探索过敏性疾病发病机制中微生物-上皮-免疫相互作用，将为过敏性疾病的新型预防和治疗策略的发展提供依据。
本综述总结了特应性皮炎、过敏性鼻炎、慢性鼻-鼻窦炎和哮喘中微生物、上皮和免疫相互作用的最新进展。
我们进行了文献检索，确定了相关的近期主要文章和综述文章。
特应性皮炎、过敏性鼻炎、慢性鼻-鼻窦炎和哮喘发病过程中环境因素与微生物、上皮和免疫细胞之间的动态相互作用是这些疾病发病机制的基础。有大量文献证据表明，环境因素直接影响上皮屏障功能。此外，辅助性 T 细胞 2（T2）细胞、2 型先天淋巴细胞及其细胞因子白细胞介素 13（IL-13）损害皮肤和肺屏障。环境因素的影响至少部分可以通过表观遗传机制介导。2 型免疫反应中组蛋白去乙酰化酶的激活对渗漏屏障有重大影响，阻断组蛋白去乙酰化酶活性可纠正人类气液界面培养物和伴有鼻炎的过敏性哮喘小鼠模型中缺陷的屏障。我们还提出并讨论了一种新型检测和监测皮肤屏障功能障碍的设备，这为快速和稳健地评估疾病严重程度提供了机会。
环境因素、上皮和免疫系统之间的复杂相互作用参与了全身性过敏性疾病的发生。
