Roeh Astrid, Engel Rolf R, Lembeck Moritz, Pross Benjamin, Papazova Irina, Schoenfeld Julia, Halle Martin, Falkai Peter, Scherr Johannes, Hasan Alkomiet
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
Department of Prevention and Sports Medicine, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technischen Universität München, Munich, Germany.
Front Psychol. 2020 May 8;11:886. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00886. eCollection 2020.
Endurance exercise in general and marathon running in particular have become increasingly popular over the past decades. Recent investigations about personality structures in this cohort and comparisons to non-active cohorts are lacking.
In the ReCaP study (Running effects on Cognition and Plasticity), a total of 100 marathon runners and 46 sedentary controls were recruited. After elimination of Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory 2 Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF) profiles with insufficient validity, 79 marathon runners (MA) and 27 sedentary controls (SC) remained for final analyses. Depressive symptoms were evaluated with Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD).
Marathon runners had lower scores in scales measuring somatic and cognitive complaints, stress, demoralization, hopelessness and distrust. Within the marathon group, committed runners exhibited hypomanic traits compared to regular runners.
Personality differences could be summarized as (sub-)depressive personality traits in SC compared to MA rather than typical (sub-) depressive symptoms in the meaning of depressive disorders. Future studies should further evaluate cause and consequence of endurance training and hypomanic or euthymic symptoms, as a two-way interaction exists.
http://apps.who.int/trialsearch/Trial2.aspx?TrialID=DRKS00012496.
在过去几十年中，耐力运动尤其是马拉松跑步越来越受欢迎。目前缺乏对这一群体人格结构的调查以及与非运动群体的比较。
在ReCaP研究（跑步对认知和可塑性的影响）中，共招募了100名马拉松跑者和46名久坐不动的对照者。在排除效度不足的明尼苏达多项人格调查表第二版修订版（MMPI-2-RF）档案后，最终分析保留了79名马拉松跑者（MA）和27名久坐对照者（SC）。使用贝克抑郁量表（BDI）和汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD）评估抑郁症状。
马拉松跑者在测量躯体和认知主诉、压力、士气低落、绝望和不信任的量表上得分较低。在马拉松跑者组中，与普通跑者相比，坚持跑步者表现出轻躁狂特征。
与马拉松跑者相比，久坐对照者的人格差异可概括为（亚）抑郁人格特质，而非抑郁障碍意义上的典型（亚）抑郁症状。由于存在双向交互作用，未来的研究应进一步评估耐力训练与轻躁狂或心境正常症状的因果关系。
http://apps.who.int/trialsearch/Trial2.aspx?TrialID=DRKS00012496 。
