Peddie Meredith, Ranasinghe Chaya, Scott Tessa, Heath Anne-Louise, Horwath Caroline, Gibson Rosalind, Brown Rachel, Houghton Lisa, Haszard Jillian
Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
JMIR Res Protoc. 2020 May 27;9(5):e17310. doi: 10.2196/17310.
Anecdotally, vegetarian eating patterns seem to be increasing in parallel with growing concerns about environmental sustainability. While this pattern of eating is widely believed to be associated with benefits for the planet and individual health, it may increase the risk of inadequate intakes and nutrient deficiency if not planned carefully. Adolescent girls may be particularly at risk, as they have increased requirements for nutrients such as iron, zinc, calcium, and vitamin B12 during growth and development.
The objective of the SuNDiAL Project (Survey of Nutrition, Dietary Assessment, and Lifestyles) is to compare the dietary intakes and habits, nutrition status, motivations, attitudes, and physical activity of a sample of vegetarian and nonvegetarian adolescent girls in New Zealand.
A clustered, cross-sectional, nationwide study of adolescents aged 15-18 years was conducted. Secondary schools were recruited throughout New Zealand, and pupils (n=290) were invited to participate in data collection in either the first (February to April) or third (August to October) school term of 2019 (New Zealand schools operate on a 4-term year). Sociodemographic and health information; vegetarian status; dietary habits; and attitudes, motivations, and beliefs regarding food choices were assessed via an online self-administered questionnaire. Dietary intakes were collected via two 24-hour diet recalls on nonconsecutive days and will be adjusted for within-person variation using the Multiple Source Method, to represent usual intakes. Nutrient adequacy will be assessed by the estimated average requirement cut-point method or probability approach as appropriate. Height and weight were measured, and blood and urine samples collected for micronutrient status assessment. Participants wore an accelerometer for 7 days to assess 24-hour activity patterns (time spent asleep, sedentary, or engagement in light-intensity or moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity).
Recruitment and data collection were conducted in 2019. Data are currently being cleaned and analyzed, with publication of the main results anticipated at the end of 2020.
The SuNDiAL Project will provide a meaningful and timely description of diet, nutrition status, and motivational factors associated with vegetarianism and identify any risks this pattern of eating may pose for female adolescents. The results of this study will support the development of targeted recommendations and interventions aimed at enhancing the health, growth, and development of adolescent girls.
Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12619000290190; https://tinyurl.com/yaumh278.
INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): DERR1-10.2196/17310.
据传闻，随着人们对环境可持续性的关注度不断提高，素食饮食模式似乎也在增加。虽然人们普遍认为这种饮食模式对地球和个人健康有益，但如果规划不当，可能会增加摄入不足和营养缺乏的风险。青春期女孩可能尤其面临风险，因为她们在生长发育过程中对铁、锌、钙和维生素B12等营养素的需求增加。
SuNDiAL项目（营养、饮食评估和生活方式调查）的目的是比较新西兰素食和非素食青春期女孩样本的饮食摄入量和习惯、营养状况、动机、态度和身体活动情况。
对15至18岁的青少年进行了一项全国性的整群横断面研究。在新西兰各地招募中学，邀请学生（n = 290）在2019年的第一学期（2月至4月）或第三学期（8月至10月）参与数据收集（新西兰学校每年有四个学期）。通过在线自填问卷评估社会人口学和健康信息、素食状况、饮食习惯以及对食物选择的态度、动机和信念。通过连续两天的24小时饮食回顾收集饮食摄入量，并将使用多源方法对个体内差异进行调整，以代表通常摄入量。将根据情况采用估计平均需求量切点法或概率法评估营养充足性。测量身高和体重，并采集血液和尿液样本用于微量营养素状况评估。参与者佩戴加速度计7天，以评估24小时活动模式（睡眠时间、久坐时间或进行轻度或中度至剧烈强度身体活动的时间）。
招募和数据收集于2019年进行。目前正在清理和分析数据，预计2020年底公布主要结果。
SuNDiAL项目将对与素食主义相关的饮食、营养状况和动机因素进行有意义且及时的描述，并确定这种饮食模式可能对女性青少年构成的任何风险。本研究结果将支持制定有针对性的建议和干预措施，以促进青春期女孩的健康、生长和发育。
澳大利亚新西兰临床试验注册中心ACTRN12619000290190；https://tinyurl.com/yaumh278。
国际注册报告识别码（IRRID）：DERR1-10.2196/17310。
