Department of Electronic, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain.
Department of Electronic, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain.
Nutrition. 2020 Oct;78:110806. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2020.110806. Epub 2020 Mar 19.
The aim of this study was to analyze the intake of specific macronutrients and minerals that could influence cardiovascular health in recreational marathon runners.
We grouped 37 male runners into two groups according to their 50th percentile race time (3.39 h) and divided them into fast (group 1 [G1]: 3.18 ± 0.18 h) and slow runners (group 2 [G2]: 3.84 ± 0.42 h). Anthropometric parameters, macronutrients, and mineral records were collected before the race. Minerals (sodium ion, potassium ion, and magnesium ion), lipid profile (triacylglycerols, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, and cholesterol), muscle damage (creatine kinase), inflammation (C-reactive protein), and cardiovascular health (high-sensitivity troponin T, ST2, and N-terminal proB-type natriuretic peptide) were analyzed in blood 24 h before, immediately after, and 48 h postrace.
Weight (G1: 74.70 ± 7.76 kg, G2: 79.58 ± 6.72 kg; P < 0.05) and body mass index (G1: 23.01 ± 1.81 kg/m, G2: 25.30 ± 2.02 kg/m; P < 0.01) differed significantly between the groups. Moreover, G1 consumed significantly more (P < 0.01) mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids than G2, and presented significantly higher iron, potassium, and magnesium intake. Regarding blood lipid profile, G2 presented significantly higher triacylglycerol values and lower levels of high-density lipoprotein (P < 0.01). The high-sensitivity troponin T marker of cardiac myocyte stress or injury was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in G2, reaching values >250 ng/L, and 81% of the runners (30 of 37) presented higher postrace values.
Marathon runners consuming adequate amounts of unsaturated fat, iron, potassium, and magnesium, performed better and presented better cardiovascular health.
本研究旨在分析可能影响休闲马拉松跑者心血管健康的特定宏量营养素和矿物质的摄入量。
我们根据 50 百分位比赛时间（3.39 小时）将 37 名男性跑步者分为两组，并将他们分为快跑者（第 1 组[G1]：3.18 ± 0.18 小时）和慢跑者（第 2 组[G2]：3.84 ± 0.42 小时）。在比赛前收集了人体测量参数、宏量营养素和矿物质记录。在比赛前 24 小时、比赛后立即和 48 小时，分析了矿物质（钠离子、钾离子和镁离子）、血脂谱（甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白、高密度脂蛋白和胆固醇）、肌肉损伤（肌酸激酶）、炎症（C 反应蛋白）和心血管健康（高敏肌钙蛋白 T、ST2 和 N 末端 proB 型利钠肽）。
体重（G1：74.70 ± 7.76 kg，G2：79.58 ± 6.72 kg；P < 0.05）和体重指数（G1：23.01 ± 1.81 kg/m，G2：25.30 ± 2.02 kg/m；P < 0.01）在两组之间有显著差异。此外，G1 摄入的单不饱和脂肪酸和多不饱和脂肪酸明显多于 G2，并且摄入的铁、钾和镁也明显较多。关于血脂谱，G2 的甘油三酯值明显较高，高密度脂蛋白水平较低（P < 0.01）。G2 的心肌细胞应激或损伤的高敏肌钙蛋白 T标志物明显较高（P < 0.05），达到 >250 ng/L，37 名跑步者中有 81%（30 名）的赛后值升高。
摄入足够量的不饱和脂肪、铁、钾和镁的马拉松跑者表现更好，心血管健康状况更好。
