Berghi Ovidiu, Dumitru Mihai, Caragheorgheopol Ramona, Tucureanu Catalin, Simioniuc-Petrescu Anca, Sfrent-Cornateanu Roxana, Giurcaneanu Calin
Dermatology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, ROU.
Anatomy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, ROU.
Cureus. 2020 Apr 22;12(4):e7783. doi: 10.7759/cureus.7783.
Background Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a chronic and frequent condition characterized by an excessive response of the immune system to innocent substances encountered in the nasal mucosa. These reactions are mediated by many factors, including chemokines. Chemokine ligand 3 (CCL3, a macrophage inflammatory protein 1α) is a chemokine implicated in the activation of mast cells - white cells shown to be highly involved in orchestrating allergic reactions. The present study evaluated the role of CCL3 in AR. Material and methods Thirty-nine participants, including 24 patients with AR and 15 healthy controls, were evaluated for allergies to dust mites, cat and dog danders, cockroaches (Blatella germanica), molds, grasses, weeds, and tree pollen using skin prick tests. Participants were also evaluated for inflammatory conditions by measuring total blood count with differential; concentrations of rheumatoid factor, fibrinogen, and C-reactive protein; and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. CCL3 in blood samples was measured at the Immunology Laboratory, Cantacuzino National Institute for Military Medical Research and Development, Bucharest, Romania, using Human Multianalyte Profiling Base Kits (R&D Systems Inc., Minneapolis, MN). Results Mean serum CCL3 concentration was significantly higher in patients with AR than in controls (15.03 ± 7.11 pg/ml vs. 8.34 ± 4.46 pg/ml, p = 0.001 [t-test] and p = 0.026 [Mann-Whitney test]). CCL3 concentrations correlated with polysensitization, defined as two or more positive prick tests per patient (r = 0.325, p = 0.046) and seasonal AR (r = 0.482, p = 0.002). Conclusions Elevated levels of CCL3 were seen in our patients with AR. We have observed correlations with polysensitization and seasonal allergies. These results suggest that chemokines might play an important role in the pathogenesis of AR. In the future, chemokines might be used in endotype classification of patients with AR and as a possible target in the treatment of AR.
变应性鼻炎（AR）是一种慢性常见疾病，其特征为免疫系统对鼻腔黏膜中无害物质产生过度反应。这些反应由多种因素介导，包括趋化因子。趋化因子配体3（CCL3，一种巨噬细胞炎性蛋白1α）是一种趋化因子，与肥大细胞的激活有关，肥大细胞是在协调过敏反应中高度参与的白细胞。本研究评估了CCL3在AR中的作用。
对39名参与者进行评估，其中包括24例AR患者和15名健康对照，通过皮肤点刺试验检测对尘螨、猫和狗皮屑、蟑螂（德国小蠊）、霉菌、草、杂草和树花粉的过敏情况。还通过检测全血细胞计数及分类、类风湿因子、纤维蛋白原和C反应蛋白浓度以及红细胞沉降率来评估参与者的炎症状况。在罗马尼亚布加勒斯特的坎塔库齐诺国家军事医学研发研究所免疫实验室，使用人类多分析物谱基础试剂盒（明尼阿波利斯，明尼苏达州，R&D Systems公司）测量血样中的CCL3。
AR患者的血清CCL3平均浓度显著高于对照组（15.03±7.11 pg/ml对8.34±4.46 pg/ml，t检验p = 0.001，曼-惠特尼检验p = 0.026）。CCL3浓度与多致敏相关，多致敏定义为每位患者有两次或更多次阳性点刺试验（r = 0.325，p = 0.046）以及与季节性AR相关（r = 0.482，p = 0.002）。
我们的AR患者中观察到CCL3水平升高。我们观察到其与多致敏和季节性过敏相关。这些结果表明趋化因子可能在AR的发病机制中起重要作用。未来，趋化因子可能用于AR患者的内型分类，并作为AR治疗的一个可能靶点。
