Woźniak Aleksandra, Miłek Dagmara, Stadejek Tomasz
Department of Pathology and Veterinary Diagnostics, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159C, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
Pathogens. 2020 May 25;9(5):411. doi: 10.3390/pathogens9050411.
Porcine circovirus type 3 (PCV3) was described in different clinical cases and healthy pigs. However, little is known about its circulation in pig farms. In order to assess PCV3 prevalence in 21 Polish farms, serum, feces, and oral fluid samples were examined by quantitative real-time PCR. In total, 1451 pairs of serum and feces from the same animals, as well as 327 samples of oral fluids were analyzed. The results showed that PCV3 is more commonly detected in oral fluids (37.3% positives) than in serum (9.7% positives) or feces (15.0% positives) samples. The viral loads detected in these materials ranged from 10-10 genome equivalent copies/mL. Although in most farms PCV3 was detected post weaning, in nine farms, the virus was also found in groups of suckling piglets, and in six of them viremia was detected. In four farms with reproductive failure, fetal materials were also obtained. PCV3 was detected in 36.0% of fetuses or stillborn piglets (9/25) with viral loads of 10-10 genome equivalent copies/mL. In summary, the virus circulation may show different patterns, and congenital or early infection is not uncommon. Precise quantification of PCV3 loads in clinical materials seems to be necessary for the study and diagnosis of the infection.
3型猪圆环病毒（PCV3）在不同临床病例和健康猪中均有报道。然而，关于其在猪场中的传播情况却知之甚少。为评估PCV3在波兰21个猪场中的流行情况，采用定量实时PCR对血清、粪便和口腔液样本进行检测。共分析了来自同一动物的1451对血清和粪便样本以及327份口腔液样本。结果显示，PCV3在口腔液样本中的检出率（阳性率37.3%）高于血清样本（阳性率9.7%）和粪便样本（阳性率15.0%）。这些样本中检测到的病毒载量范围为10 - 10基因组当量拷贝/毫升。虽然在大多数猪场中PCV3是在断奶后检测到的，但在9个猪场中，该病毒也在哺乳仔猪群体中被发现，其中6个猪场检测到病毒血症。在4个出现繁殖障碍的猪场中，还获取了胎儿样本。在36.0%的胎儿或死产仔猪（9/25）中检测到PCV3，病毒载量为10 - 10基因组当量拷贝/毫升。综上所述，该病毒的传播可能呈现不同模式。先天性或早期感染并不罕见。对临床样本中PCV3载量进行精确量化对于该感染的研究和诊断似乎是必要的。
