Hwang Hyesung, Kim Young-Jun, Shin Youngjae
Department of Environmental Horticulture, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam 31116, Korea.
Department of Food Science and Technology, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Korea.
Foods. 2020 May 26;9(6):690. doi: 10.3390/foods9060690.
Five Korean blueberries (''Nelson'', ''Duke '', ''Bluejay '', ''Toro'', and ''Elliot '') were harvested at two maturity stages (unripe and ripe) to evaluate fruit quality and antioxidant activities. The Hunter L, a, and b color of ripe blueberries was lower than that of unripe fruit. Soluble solid concentration (SSC) and pH increased, and titratable acidity (TA) and firmness decreased as the blueberries matured. The ripe blueberry fruits showed a higher SSC/TA ratio than the unripe fruits. Although total anthocyanin, flavonoids, phenolics content, and antioxidant activity were higher in ripe blueberries than in unripe fruit, the unripe fruit had higher acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibition activities than ripe fruit in all cultivars. Total antioxidant activity was highly correlated with total flavonoids and phenolics. The relationships between the total antioxidant activity and the AChE or BChE inhibitory activity are negative. There were several physicochemical quality and antioxidant activity differences in blueberries, depending on the cultivar and the maturity at harvest. Unripe fruits also contain potential health-promoting bioactive compounds as functional food ingredients.
采摘了五个韩国蓝莓品种（“尼尔森”、“公爵”、“蓝鸟”、“托罗”和“埃利奥特”），处于两个成熟阶段（未成熟和成熟），以评估果实品质和抗氧化活性。成熟蓝莓的亨特L、a和b颜色低于未成熟果实。随着蓝莓成熟，可溶性固形物浓度（SSC）和pH值升高，可滴定酸度（TA）和硬度降低。成熟蓝莓果实的SSC/TA比值高于未成熟果实。尽管成熟蓝莓中的总花青素、类黄酮、酚类物质含量和抗氧化活性高于未成熟果实，但在所有品种中，未成熟果实的乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）和丁酰胆碱酯酶（BChE）抑制活性均高于成熟果实。总抗氧化活性与总类黄酮和酚类物质高度相关。总抗氧化活性与AChE或BChE抑制活性之间呈负相关。根据品种和收获时的成熟度，蓝莓在理化品质和抗氧化活性方面存在若干差异。未成熟果实作为功能性食品成分也含有潜在的促进健康的生物活性化合物。
