Eye Plastic, Orbital, and Facial Cosmetic Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School.
Department of Ophthalmology, Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, U.S.A.
Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg. 2020 Nov/Dec;36(6):601-604. doi: 10.1097/IOP.0000000000001670.
Periocular and orbital anthropometric values vary among races. No studies have established normative exophthalmometry values for Ethiopians or the many Ethiopian ethnic groups. This study established a set of normative anthropometric values for exophthalmometry, and further evaluated whether these measurements differed based on sex or ethnic group.
A cross-sectional study was performed in the ophthalmology department at St. Paul's Hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Two hundred ninety-six participants were recruited for the study. Sex, primary Ethiopian ethnic subgroup, and exophthalmometry measurements were recorded. Differences between ethnicities and sexes were evaluated using independent samples t test.
Average proptosis for the total cohort was 15.88 ± 2.49 mm, with 582 eyes measured. Females (15.87 ± 2.53, n = 286) and males (15.89 ± 2.49, n = 296) were not significantly different in their proptosis measurements. Within the 3 largest ethnic groups measured, Amhara (16.12 ± 2.67, n = 204), Oromo (15.43 ± 2.51, n = 172), and Gurage (16.23 ± 2.59, n = 98), the difference in proptosis measurement was significant between the Amhara and Oromo groups (p = 0.01), and the Oromo and Gurage groups (p = 0.01). The only ethnic group that was significantly different between sexes was Gurage, of which average female proptosis was 15.51 ± 2.74 (n = 54), while male proptosis was 17.13 ± 2.11 (n = 44) (p < 0.01).
Mean Ethiopian proptosis values vary across ethnicities, are similar to those measured in other African populations, but are lower than those established in African-American populations. This study provides an important resource that Ethiopian ophthalmologists can use when evaluating patients with suspected ophthalmic and orbital disease.
眼周和眼眶的人体测量值在不同种族之间存在差异。目前还没有研究为埃塞俄比亚人或众多埃塞俄比亚族群确立正常眼球突出度的参考值。本研究旨在建立一套眼球突出度的正常人体测量值，并进一步评估这些测量值是否因性别或族群而有所不同。
本研究是在埃塞俄比亚亚的斯亚贝巴的圣保罗医院眼科进行的一项横断面研究。共有 296 名参与者被招募入组。记录了参与者的性别、主要的埃塞俄比亚族群亚群和眼球突出度测量值。使用独立样本 t 检验评估族群和性别之间的差异。
总队列的平均眼球突出度为 15.88 ± 2.49mm，共测量了 582 只眼。女性（15.87 ± 2.53，n = 286）和男性（15.89 ± 2.49，n = 296）的眼球突出度测量值无显著差异。在所测量的 3 个最大族群中，阿姆哈拉族（16.12 ± 2.67，n = 204）、奥罗莫族（15.43 ± 2.51，n = 172）和古拉格族（16.23 ± 2.59，n = 98），阿姆哈拉族和奥罗莫族之间的眼球突出度测量值差异有统计学意义（p = 0.01），奥罗莫族和古拉格族之间也有统计学意义（p = 0.01）。仅古拉格族的男女眼球突出度有显著差异，其中女性平均眼球突出度为 15.51 ± 2.74（n = 54），男性为 17.13 ± 2.11（n = 44）（p < 0.01）。
埃塞俄比亚人的平均眼球突出度值因族群而异，与其他非洲人群的测量值相似，但低于非裔美国人的测量值。本研究为评估疑似眼部和眼眶疾病的患者时，为埃塞俄比亚眼科医生提供了一个重要的参考资源。
