Castillejos Mª Carmen, Martín-Pérez Carlos, García-Ruiz Antonio, Mayoral-Cleries Fermín, Moreno-Küstner Berta
1Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatment, Faculty of Psychology Andalusian Group of Psychosocial Research (GAP), University of Malaga, Campus Teatinos, 29071 Malaga, Spain.
2North East Granada Sanitary District, Clinical Management Unit at Marquesado, Andalusian Health Service, Carretera los Pozos, 18518 Alquife, Granada Spain.
Ann Gen Psychiatry. 2020 May 19;19:34. doi: 10.1186/s12991-020-00284-5. eCollection 2020.
Patients with schizophrenia and related disorders (SRD) are more predisposed to having cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) compared to the general population due to a combination of lifestyle factors and exposure to antipsychotic medications. We aimed to analyse the documentation practices of CVRFs by general practitioners (GPs) and its associations with patient variables in a sample of persons with SRD.
An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted in 13 primary care centres (PCCs) in Malaga (Spain). The population comprised all patients with SRD who were in contact with a GP residing in the study area. The number of CVRFs (type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia, obesity and smoking) recorded by GPs were analysed by considering patients' demographic and clinical variables and use of primary care services. We performed descriptive, bivariate and multivariate regression analyses.
A total of 494 patients were included; CVRFs were not recorded in 59.7% of the patients. One CVRF was recorded in 42.1% of patients and two or more CVRFs were recorded in 16.1% of patients. Older age, living in an urban area and a higher number of visits to the GP were associated with a higher number of CVRFs recorded.
The main finding in this study is that both patients' demographic variables as well as use of primary care services were found to be related to the documentation of CVRFs in patients with SRD by GPs.
由于生活方式因素和接触抗精神病药物的综合影响，与普通人群相比，精神分裂症及相关障碍（SRD）患者更易患心血管危险因素（CVRF）。我们旨在分析全科医生（GP）对CVRF的记录情况及其与SRD患者样本中患者变量的关联。
在西班牙马拉加的13个初级保健中心（PCC）进行了一项观察性横断面研究。研究人群包括所有与居住在研究区域的GP接触的SRD患者。通过考虑患者的人口统计学和临床变量以及初级保健服务的使用情况，分析GP记录的CVRF数量（2型糖尿病、高血压、高胆固醇血症、肥胖和吸烟）。我们进行了描述性、双变量和多变量回归分析。
共纳入494例患者；59.7%的患者未记录CVRF。42.1%的患者记录了1个CVRF，16.1%的患者记录了2个或更多CVRF。年龄较大、居住在城市地区以及就诊GP的次数较多与记录的CVRF数量较多相关。
本研究的主要发现是，患者的人口统计学变量以及初级保健服务的使用情况均与GP对SRD患者CVRF的记录有关。
