精神分裂症患者心血管危险因素的患病率及知晓情况：在心血管疾病低风险地理区域开展的一项横断面研究

Prevalence and awareness of cardiovascular risk factors in patients with schizophrenia: a cross-sectional study in a low cardiovascular disease risk geographical area.

作者信息

Bernardo M, Cañas F, Banegas J R, Casademont J, Riesgo Y, Varela C

机构信息

Clinic Schizophrenia Program, Hospital Clinic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM),Villarroel 170, Esc 9, 6 degrees Planta, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.

出版信息

Eur Psychiatry. 2009 Oct;24(7):431-41. doi: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2009.07.010. Epub 2009 Sep 26.

DOI:10.1016/j.eurpsy.2009.07.010

PMID:19783126

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

Prevalence of cardiovascular disease is high in schizophrenia. Our aim is to estimate the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) among schizophrenia patients.

METHOD

National cross-sectional study in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia under treatment with second generation antipsychotics and admitted to short-stay hospitalisation units.

RESULTS

A sample of 733 consecutively admitted patients was enrolled; the most prevalent CVRFs were smoking 71% (95% CI: 67-74%) and hypercholesterolemia 66% (61-70%) followed by hypertriglyceridemia 26% (26-32%), hypertension 18% (15-21%) and diabetes 5% (4-7%). Metabolic syndrome showed 19% (95% CI: 16-23%) prevalence or, according to updated definitions (Clin Cornerstone 7 [2005] 36-45), 24% (95% CI: 20-28%). The rate of patients within the high-risk range of a 10-year fatal cardiovascular event was 6.5%. CVRFs under routine management were diabetes (60%), hypertension (28%) and, to a lesser extent, dyslipemia (14%). Treatment for CVRFs was associated to gender, men for hypertension OR = 25.34, p < 0.03 and women for diabetes OR = 0.02, p < 0.03.

CONCLUSION

We found that CVRFs in schizophrenia were prevalent and under-diagnosed, and thus with insufficient therapeutic management.

摘要

目的

精神分裂症患者心血管疾病的患病率较高。我们的目的是评估精神分裂症患者中心血管危险因素（CVRF）的患病率。

方法

对接受第二代抗精神病药物治疗并入住短期住院病房的精神分裂症患者进行全国性横断面研究。

结果

纳入了733例连续入院的患者样本；最常见的CVRF是吸烟，占71%（95%可信区间：67-74%），高胆固醇血症占66%（61-70%），其次是高甘油三酯血症，占26%（26-32%），高血压占18%（15-21%），糖尿病占5%（4-7%）。代谢综合征的患病率为19%（95%可信区间：16-23%），或者根据更新后的定义（《临床基石》7 [2005] 36-45）为24%（95%可信区间：20-28%）。10年致命心血管事件高危范围内的患者比例为6.5%。常规管理下的CVRF是糖尿病（60%）、高血压（28%），血脂异常的比例相对较低（14%）。CVRF的治疗与性别有关，男性患高血压的比值比（OR）=25.34，p<0.03，女性患糖尿病的OR=0.02，p<0.03。