Ritchie Jordon, Welch Brandon
Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States.
JMIR Med Inform. 2020 May 29;8(5):e16980. doi: 10.2196/16980.
Third-party electronic health record (EHR) apps allow health care organizations to extend the capabilities and features of their EHR system. Given the widespread utilization of EHRs and the emergence of third-party apps in EHR marketplaces, it has become necessary to conduct a systematic review and analysis of apps in EHR app marketplaces.
The goal of this review is to organize, categorize, and characterize the availability of third-party apps in EHR marketplaces.
Two informaticists (authors JR and BW) used grounded theory principles to review and categorize EHR apps listed in top EHR vendors' public-facing marketplaces.
We categorized a total of 471 EHR apps into a taxonomy consisting of 3 primary categories, 15 secondary categories, and 55 tertiary categories. The three primary categories were administrative (n=203, 43.1%), provider support (n=159, 33.8%), and patient care (n=109, 23.1%). Within administrative apps, we split the apps into four secondary categories: front office (n=77, 37.9%), financial (n=53, 26.1%), office administration (n=49, 24.1%), and office device integration (n=17, 8.4%). Within the provider support primary classification, we split the apps into eight secondary categories: documentation (n=34, 21.3%), records management (n=27, 17.0%), care coordination (n=23, 14.4%), population health (n=18, 11.3%), EHR efficiency (n=16, 10.1%), ordering and prescribing (n=15, 9.4%), medical device integration (n=13, 8.2%), and specialty EHR (n=12, 7.5%). Within the patient care primary classification, we split the apps into three secondary categories: patient engagement (n=50, 45.9%), clinical decision support (n=40, 36.7%), and remote care (n=18, 16.5%). Total app counts varied substantially across EHR vendors. Overall, the distribution of apps across primary categories were relatively similar, with a few exceptions.
We characterized and organized a diverse and rich set of third-party EHR apps. This work provides an important reference for developers, researchers, and EHR customers to more easily search, review, and compare apps in EHR app marketplaces.
第三方电子健康记录（EHR）应用程序使医疗保健机构能够扩展其EHR系统的功能和特性。鉴于EHR的广泛使用以及EHR市场中第三方应用程序的出现，有必要对EHR应用程序市场中的应用程序进行系统的综述和分析。
本综述的目的是对EHR市场中第三方应用程序的可用性进行整理、分类和描述。
两名信息学家（作者JR和BW）运用扎根理论原则，对顶级EHR供应商面向公众的市场中列出的EHR应用程序进行综述和分类。
我们将总共471个EHR应用程序分类为一个分类法，该分类法由3个主要类别、15个二级类别和55个三级类别组成。三个主要类别分别是管理类（n = 203，43.1%）、提供者支持类（n = 159，33.8%）和患者护理类（n = 109，23.1%）。在管理类应用程序中，我们将其细分为四个二级类别：前台（n = 77，37.9%）、财务（n = 53，26.1%）、办公管理（n = 49，24.1%）和办公设备集成（n = 17，8.4%）。在提供者支持这一主要分类中，我们将其细分为八个二级类别：文档记录（n = 34，21.3%）、记录管理（n = 27，17.0%）、护理协调（n = 23，14.4%）、人群健康（n = 18，11.3%）、EHR效率（n = 16，10.1%）、医嘱开立（n = 15，9.4%）、医疗设备集成（n = 13，8.2%）和专科EHR（n = 12，7.5%）。在患者护理这一主要分类中，我们将其细分为三个二级类别：患者参与（n = 50，45.9%）、临床决策支持（n = 40，36.7%）和远程护理（n = 18，16.5%）。不同EHR供应商的应用程序总数差异很大。总体而言，各主要类别中应用程序的分布相对相似，但有一些例外。
我们对各种各样丰富的第三方EHR应用程序进行了描述和整理。这项工作为开发者、研究人员和EHR客户更轻松地在EHR应用程序市场中搜索、审查和比较应用程序提供了重要参考。
