Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Plant Functional Biology Centre, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
Plant Systems Biology, Technische Universität München, 85354 Freising, Germany.
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 May 27;21(11):3783. doi: 10.3390/ijms21113783.
Modifications of DNA and histones, including methylation and acetylation, are critical for the epigenetic regulation of gene expression during plant development, particularly during environmental adaptation processes. However, information on the enzymes catalyzing all these modifications in trees, such as L., is still not available. In this study, eight DNA methyltransferases (DNA Mtases) and three DNA demethylases (DDMEs) were identified in . Histone modifiers involved in methylation (35), demethylation (26), acetylation (8), and deacetylation (22) were also identified in . In silico analysis showed that some DNA Mtases, DDMEs and histone modifiers have the typical domains found in the plant model Arabidopsis, which might suggest a conserved functional role. Additional phylogenetic analyses of the DNA and histone modifier proteins were performed using several plant species homologs, enabling the classification of the proteins. A link between the expression levels of each gene in different tissues (buds, flowers, acorns, embryos, cork, and roots) with the functions already known for their closest homologs in other species was also established. Therefore, the data generated here will be important for future studies exploring the role of epigenetic regulators in this economically important species.
DNA 和组蛋白的修饰，包括甲基化和乙酰化，对于植物发育过程中基因表达的表观遗传调控至关重要，特别是在环境适应过程中。然而，关于树木中催化所有这些修饰的酶的信息，例如 L.，仍然不可用。在这项研究中，在 中鉴定了八个 DNA 甲基转移酶 (DNA Mtases) 和三个 DNA 去甲基化酶 (DDMEs)。还鉴定了参与甲基化 (35)、去甲基化 (26)、乙酰化 (8)和去乙酰化 (22)的组蛋白修饰酶。计算机分析表明，一些 DNA Mtases、DDMEs 和组蛋白修饰酶具有在植物模型拟南芥中发现的典型结构域，这可能表明它们具有保守的功能作用。使用几种植物物种的同源物对 DNA 和组蛋白修饰蛋白进行了额外的系统发育分析，使 蛋白得以分类。还建立了每个基因在不同组织（芽、花、橡子、胚胎、软木和根）中的表达水平与它们在其他物种中最接近的同源物的已知功能之间的联系。因此，这里生成的数据对于未来探索表观遗传调节剂在这个具有重要经济意义的物种中的作用的研究将非常重要。
