Department of Veterinary Parasitology and Entomology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.
Department of Veterinary Parasitology and Entomology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.
Vet Parasitol. 2020 Jun;282:109138. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2020.109138. Epub 2020 May 16.
Azithromycin and diminazene aceturate combination therapy in experimental multidrug-resistant Trypanosoma brucei brucei infection in albino rats was evaluated. A total of forty-five female albino rats were used. These rats were randomly assigned to nine groups of five rats each. Group 1 was the uninfected-untreated group while groups 2 - 6 were infected with 1 × 10 trypanosomes suspended in 0.3 ml of normal saline intraperitoneally. Following infection and parasitaemia, group 2 was untreated while group 3 was treated once with 7 mg/kg diminazene aceturate. Groups 4 - 6 were treated with 10, 20 and 30 mg/kg azithromycin respectively for 7 days. Groups 7 - 9 were treated with combination of 7 mg/kg diminazene aceturate (DA) once and 10, 20 and 30 mg/kg azithromycin (AZT) respectively for 7 days. Level of parasitaemia, haematological indices (packed cell volume, total erythrocyte count, total leukocyte count, haemoglobin concentration, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration), survivability, body weight and rectal temperature were used to assess the effectiveness of the combination therapy. A significant reduction in parasitaemia levels was observed in the DA-treated group and AZT-treated group 6 while clearance of parasitaemia was observed in the DA-AZT treated groups 7 - 9 for periods between 1 and 5 days post treatment. The haematological indices and survivability of the DA-AZT treated groups were better than the DA-treated group despite the relapse recorded in those groups. One rat each in the DA-AZT combination groups survived till the end of the experiment. In conclusion, the DA-AZT combination treatment can be used as a possible adjunct to DA in the treatment of multidrug-resistant T. brucei brucei. The combination also enhanced survivability and decreased the effect of the disease in rats.
在白化病大鼠实验性耐多药布氏锥虫布鲁斯感染中评估了阿奇霉素和二甲硝咪唑联合治疗。共使用了 45 只雌性白化病大鼠。这些大鼠被随机分为 9 组，每组 5 只。第 1 组为未感染未治疗组，而第 2-6 组则通过腹腔内注射 0.3ml 含有 1×10 个锥虫的生理盐水感染。感染和寄生虫血症后，第 2 组未治疗，第 3 组用 7mg/kg 二甲硝咪唑治疗一次。第 4-6 组分别用 10、20 和 30mg/kg 阿奇霉素治疗 7 天。第 7-9 组分别用 7mg/kg 二甲硝咪唑（DA）和 10、20 和 30mg/kg 阿奇霉素（AZT）联合治疗 7 天。寄生虫血症水平、血液学指标（红细胞压积、总红细胞计数、总白细胞计数、血红蛋白浓度、平均红细胞体积、平均红细胞血红蛋白、平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度）、存活率、体重和直肠温度用于评估联合治疗的效果。DA 治疗组和 AZT 治疗组 6 的寄生虫血症水平显著降低，而 DA-AZT 治疗组 7-9 在治疗后 1-5 天内寄生虫血症清除。尽管在这些组中记录了复发，但 DA-AZT 治疗组的血液学指标和存活率要好于 DA 治疗组。DA-AZT 联合组中各有一只大鼠存活到实验结束。总之，DA-AZT 联合治疗可作为 DA 治疗多药耐药布氏锥虫布鲁斯的辅助手段。该联合还提高了存活率，并降低了大鼠疾病的影响。
