Department of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.
Department of Immunology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.
Int J Mycobacteriol. 2020 Apr-Jun;9(2):185-189. doi: 10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_63_20.
Nigeria is one of the countries with a high burden of tuberculosis (TB) in the world. TB associated inflammation is reported to be central to progression from latent TB to active TB or drug sensitive TB (DSTB) to drug resistant TB (DRTB). Inflammatory cytokines, especially interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), act synergistically in the control of TB infection. They activate macrophages to produce effector molecules such as inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), nitric oxide, and ultimately 3-nitrotyrosines(3-NTs), which are involved in the control of TB. This study investigated the potential involvement of TNF-α, IFN-γ, iNOS, and 3-NT in differentiating DRTB and DSTB in Ibadan, Nigeria.
One hundred participants above 18 years were recruited into this study and were grouped as follows: 32 DRTB, 34 DSTB, and 34 apparently healthy controls. Plasma from the patients was used for the analyses of inflammatory (TNF α and IFN-γ) and oxidative stress (iNOS and 3-NT) biomarkers using the ELISA. Mann-Whitney test was applied for the statistical test.
Mean levels of plasma TNF-α, IFN-γ, iNOS, and 3-NT were higher in DRTB (19.74 ± 3.62 pg/mL, 4.41 ± 0.96 pg/mL, 1791.07 ± 419.42 pg/mL, and 20.27 ± 1.80 ng/mL, respectively) and DSTB (17.02 ± 1.84 pg/mL, 5.59 ± 1.40 pg/mL, 2823.42 ± 685.32 pg/mL, and 25.06 ± 2.15 ng/mL, respectively) compared with controls (12.18 ± 0.92 pg/mL, 1.58 ± 0.21 pg/mL, 1275.86 ± 166.12 pg/mL, and 19.98 ± 1.23 ng/mL, respectively). In addition, higher plasma levels of IFN-γ (P > 0.05), iNOS (P > 0.05), and 3-NT (P < 0.05) were observed in DSTB compared with DRTB patients.
The 3-NT may be used as differentiating markers of DSTB from DRTB.
尼日利亚是世界上结核病（TB）负担较重的国家之一。据报道，与结核病相关的炎症是潜伏性结核病向活动性结核病或药物敏感结核病（DSTB）向耐药结核病（DRTB）进展的核心。炎症细胞因子，尤其是干扰素-γ（IFN-γ）和肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α），在控制结核病感染方面协同作用。它们激活巨噬细胞产生效应分子，如诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）、一氧化氮，最终产生 3-硝基酪氨酸（3-NT），参与结核病的控制。本研究旨在探讨 TNF-α、IFN-γ、iNOS 和 3-NT 在区分尼日利亚伊巴丹的 DRTB 和 DSTB 中的潜在作用。
本研究招募了 100 名 18 岁以上的参与者，并将其分为三组：32 名 DRTB 患者、34 名 DSTB 患者和 34 名健康对照者。使用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测患者血浆中的炎症（TNF-α和 IFN-γ）和氧化应激（iNOS 和 3-NT）生物标志物。应用曼-惠特尼检验进行统计学检验。
DRTB（19.74±3.62 pg/mL、4.41±0.96 pg/mL、1791.07±419.42 pg/mL 和 20.27±1.80 ng/mL）和 DSTB（17.02±1.84 pg/mL、5.59±1.40 pg/mL、2823.42±685.32 pg/mL 和 25.06±2.15 ng/mL）患者的血浆 TNF-α、IFN-γ、iNOS 和 3-NT 水平均高于对照组（12.18±0.92 pg/mL、1.58±0.21 pg/mL、1275.86±166.12 pg/mL 和 19.98±1.23 ng/mL）。此外，与 DRTB 患者相比，DSTB 患者的血浆 IFN-γ（P>0.05）、iNOS（P>0.05）和 3-NT（P<0.05）水平更高。
3-NT 可作为区分 DSTB 和 DRTB 的标志物。
