Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 13, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2020 Jul;120(7):1711-1720. doi: 10.1007/s00421-020-04405-6. Epub 2020 May 30.
Aging impairs vascular function in women, with the largest detrimental effects occurring during the menopausal transition. Deficiency in the nitric oxide system has been suggested to be responsible for impairment in vascular function with aging, but recent observations suggest that the prostacyclin system, acting in redundancy with the nitric oxide system, may be of importance too. Improvement in vascular function is a hallmark of exercise training and we hypothesize that leg vascular function is improved by exercise training in late postmenopausal women, and that the underlying mechanism is increased endothelial formation of prostacyclin and responsiveness to prostacyclin by the vascular smooth muscle cells.
Femoral-arterial infusion of acetylcholine and epoprostenol was used to assess vascular function and prostacyclin release in ten late postmenopausal women (62 ± 7 years) before and after 10 weeks of high-intensity interval training (floorball conducted as small-sided games).
The training intervention increased fitness level (V̇O) by 7 ± 7% and reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressure by 10 ± 10 and 5 ± 6 mmHg, respectively. Leg vascular responsiveness to during acetylcholine and epoprostenol infusion was unchanged with training, whereas the release of prostacyclin during acetylcholine infusion increased by 125%.
In late postmenopausal women, vascular function assessed by femoral-arterial infusion of acetylcholine was not improved after 10 weeks of floorball training, but acetylcholine-induced prostacyclin formation and blood pressure were substantially improved. It is possible that a longer training period could lead to improvements in vascular function and that the observed increase in prostacyclin formation is one of the initial underlying changes.
衰老会损害女性的血管功能，绝经期过渡期间的影响最大。一氧化氮系统的缺乏被认为是与衰老相关的血管功能障碍的原因，但最近的观察表明，前列腺素系统（与一氧化氮系统冗余作用）也可能很重要。血管功能的改善是运动训练的一个标志，我们假设，下肢血管功能在绝经后期妇女中通过运动训练得到改善，其潜在机制是血管平滑肌细胞中前列腺素的内皮形成增加和对前列腺素的反应性增加。
在 10 名绝经后期妇女（62±7 岁）之前和之后，使用股动脉乙酰胆碱和依前列醇输注来评估血管功能和前列腺素释放，这些妇女接受了 10 周的高强度间歇训练（作为小型游戏进行的地板球）。
训练干预使体能水平（V̇O）提高了 7±7%，收缩压和舒张压分别降低了 10±10 和 5±6mmHg。乙酰胆碱和依前列醇输注期间下肢血管对乙酰胆碱的反应性在训练后没有变化，而乙酰胆碱输注期间前列腺素的释放增加了 125%。
在绝经后期妇女中，通过股动脉乙酰胆碱输注评估的血管功能在 10 周的地板球训练后没有改善，但乙酰胆碱诱导的前列腺素形成和血压有了显著改善。有可能更长的训练期会导致血管功能的改善，而观察到的前列腺素形成增加是最初的潜在变化之一。
