Kui Ling, Tang Min, Duan Shengchang, Wang Shouling, Dong Xiao
State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.
Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
Front Plant Sci. 2020 May 14;11:572. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00572. eCollection 2020.
Grapevine () is one of the most important fruit species in the Classical Mediterranean world. It is thought to have been domesticated 6,000-8,000 years ago in the Near East. However, the domestication of its wild relative into wine grapes or table grapes remains largely unknown. In this study, we analyzed 30 table grapes, 30 wine grapes, 30 dual-purpose grape accessions, as well as 30 wild relatives ( ssp. ). The phenotypic comparison showed striking differences in berry weight, acidity and the content of aroma. Based on a total of 7,522,958 single-nucleotide polymorphisms, we identified several significant selective sweep regions for table and wine grapes. Besides the well-known sex-determination locus on chromosome 2, the other four highest signals shared by table and wine grapes could not be linked to the known QTLs. The identification of these genomic regions under selection sweep may reveal agronomically important traits that have been selected during grape domestication. This information not only sheds light on the mechanisms of adaptions and diversification, but also guide the genetic improvement in breeding programs.
葡萄（）是古典地中海世界最重要的水果品种之一。人们认为它在6000 - 8000年前于近东地区被驯化。然而，其野生近缘种驯化为酿酒葡萄或鲜食葡萄的过程在很大程度上仍不为人知。在本研究中，我们分析了30个鲜食葡萄品种、30个酿酒葡萄品种、30个兼用型葡萄种质以及30个野生近缘种（种）。表型比较显示，浆果重量、酸度和香气含量存在显著差异。基于总共7522958个单核苷酸多态性，我们确定了几个鲜食葡萄和酿酒葡萄的显著选择性清除区域。除了2号染色体上已知的性别决定位点外，鲜食葡萄和酿酒葡萄共有的其他四个最高信号无法与已知的数量性状位点相关联。对这些处于选择清除状态的基因组区域的鉴定可能揭示葡萄驯化过程中选择的重要农艺性状。这些信息不仅有助于了解适应和多样化的机制，还能指导育种计划中的遗传改良。
