Metay Aurélie, Magnier Jessica, Guilpart Nicolas, Christophe Angélique
Montpellier Supagro, UMR System, bat 27, 2 place Viala, 34060 Montpellier Cedex 2, France.
INRA, UMR System, bat 27, 2 place Viala, 34060 Montpellier Cedex 2, France.
Funct Plant Biol. 2014 Feb;42(1):105-114. doi: 10.1071/FP14062.
Maintaining grapevine productivity with limited inputs is crucial in Mediterranean areas. Apart from water, nitrogen (N) is also an important limiting factor in grape growing. The effects of N deficiency on grapevine growth were investigated in this study. Two-year-old Vitis vinifera L.cv. Shiraz plants grafted on 110 R were grown in pots placed outside and exposed to various N supplies (0, 0.6, 1.2, 2.4 and 12g plant-1) under well-watered conditions. At veraison, plants were harvested and organs separately dried, weighed and analysed for N. During plant growth, the length of the primary and secondary axes and the number of leaves on them were recorded. The N content of leaves was also analysed at three phenological stages (flowering, bunch closure and veraison). All growth processes were inhibited by N deficiency in an intensity-dependent manner. Quantitative relationships with N supply were established. Vegetative growth responded negatively to N stress when comparing control N supply with no N supply: primary axis elongation (-61%), leaf emergence on the primary axis (-47%), leaf emergence on the secondary axis (-94%) and lamina area expansion (-45%). Significant differences on the plant N status were observed from flowering onwards which might be useful for managing fertilisation.
在地中海地区，以有限投入维持葡萄树的生产力至关重要。除了水之外，氮（N）也是葡萄种植中的一个重要限制因素。本研究调查了氮素缺乏对葡萄树生长的影响。将嫁接到110R砧木上的两岁酿酒葡萄品种设拉子植株种植在室外的花盆中，在水分充足的条件下，使其接受不同的氮供应（0、0.6、1.2、2.4和12克/株）。在转色期，收获植株，将各器官分别干燥、称重并分析其含氮量。在植株生长期间，记录主枝和侧枝的长度以及其上的叶片数量。还在三个物候期（开花期、果穗闭合期和转色期）分析叶片的氮含量。所有生长过程均受到氮素缺乏的强度依赖性抑制。建立了与氮供应的定量关系。将对照氮供应与无氮供应进行比较时，营养生长对氮胁迫产生负面反应：主枝伸长（-61%）、主枝上叶片出现（-47%）、侧枝上叶片出现（-94%）和叶片面积扩展（-45%）。从开花期开始观察到植株氮状况存在显著差异，这可能有助于管理施肥。
