Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Histopathology, Institute of Health Sciences and Health, Federal University of Mato Grosso , Barra Do Garcas, Brazil.
Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Health and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas , Alagoas, Brazil.
Syst Biol Reprod Med. 2020 Jun;66(3):151-169. doi: 10.1080/19396368.2020.1753850.
The placenta works as a selective barrier, protecting the fetus from potential infections that may affect the maternal organism during pregnancy. In this review, we will discuss several challenging infections that are common within Latin American countries and that may affect the maternal-fetal interface and pose risks to fetal development. Specifically, we will focus on emerging infectious diseases including the arboviruses, malaria, leishmaniasis, and the bacterial foodborne disease caused by Shiga toxin-producing . We will also highlight some topics of interest currently being studied by research groups that comprise an international effort aimed at filling the knowledge gaps in this field. These topics address the relationship between exposure to microorganisms and placental abnormalities, congenital anomalies, and complications of pregnancy.
ADE: antibody-dependent enhancement; CCL2: monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; CCL3: macrophage inflammatory protein-1 α; CCL5: chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5; CHIKV: chikungunya virus; DCL: diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis; DENV: dengue virus; Gb3: glycolipid globotriaosylceramyde; HIF: hypoxia-inducible factor; HUS: hemolytic uremic syndrome; IFN: interferon; Ig: immunoglobulins; IL: interleukin; IUGR: intrauterine growth restriction; LCL: localized cutaneous leishmaniasis; LPS: lipopolysaccharid; MCL: mucocutaneous leishmaniasis; NO: nitric oxide; PCR: polymerase chain reaction; PGF: placental growth factor; PM: placental malaria; RIVATREM: Red Iberoamericana de Alteraciones Vasculares em transtornos del Embarazo; sVEGFR: soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor; STEC: shiga toxin-producing ; stx: shiga toxin protein; TNF: tumor necrosis factor; TOAS: T cell original antigenic sin; Var2CSA: variant surface antigen 2-CSA; VEGF: vascular endothelial growth factor; VL: visceral leishmaniasis; WHO: world health organization; YFV: yellow fever virus; ZIKV: Zika virus.
胎盘起着选择性屏障的作用，保护胎儿免受怀孕期间可能影响母体的潜在感染。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论几种在拉丁美洲国家常见的具有挑战性的感染，这些感染可能会影响母婴界面并对胎儿发育构成风险。具体而言，我们将重点讨论新兴传染病，包括虫媒病毒、疟疾、利什曼病以及由产志贺毒素的细菌引起的食源性疾病。我们还将重点介绍一些目前正在由国际研究小组研究的感兴趣的主题，这些小组旨在努力填补该领域的知识空白。这些主题涉及暴露于微生物与胎盘异常、先天畸形和妊娠并发症之间的关系。
ADE：抗体依赖性增强；CCL2：单核细胞趋化蛋白-1；CCL3：巨噬细胞炎性蛋白-1α；CCL5：趋化因子（C-C 基序）配体 5；CHIKV：基孔肯雅病毒；DCL：弥漫性皮肤利什曼病；DENV：登革热病毒；Gb3：糖脂神经节苷脂；HIF：缺氧诱导因子；HUS：溶血尿毒综合征；IFN：干扰素；Ig：免疫球蛋白；IL：白细胞介素；IUGR：宫内生长受限；LCL：局限性皮肤利什曼病；LPS：脂多糖；MCL：粘膜皮肤利什曼病；NO：一氧化氮；PCR：聚合酶链反应；PGF：胎盘生长因子；PM：胎盘疟疾；RIVATREM：拉丁美洲血管异常妊娠障碍研究；sVEGFR：可溶性血管内皮生长因子受体；STEC：产志贺毒素的大肠杆菌；stx：志贺毒素蛋白；TNF：肿瘤坏死因子；TOAS：T 细胞原始抗原性失误；Var2CSA：变体表面抗原 2-CSA；VEGF：血管内皮生长因子；VL：内脏利什曼病；世界卫生组织；YFV：黄热病病毒；ZIKV：寨卡病毒。
