Department of Psychology, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
Migraine and Headache Clinic Königstein, Königstein, Germany.
Cephalalgia. 2020 Oct;40(11):1240-1249. doi: 10.1177/0333102420928076. Epub 2020 Jun 2.
Cluster headache (CH) is clinically associated with considerable psychosocial burden. However, instruments to assess and characterize psychosocial factors in cluster headache more specifically are lacking. This study aimed to develop a self-report questionnaire, which assesses the broadest possible spectrum of psychosocial factors in cluster headache, the Cluster Headache Scales (CHS).
Items of the Cluster Headache Scales were constructed based on a literature review and semi-structured interviews with several experts (including persons with cluster headache). A cross-sectional online survey was conducted to determine the psychometric properties and the factor structure of the Cluster Headache Scales. Data was analyzed using exploratory factor analysis as well as exploratory structural equation modelling (ESEM).
In total, n = 342 subjects with cluster headache (mean age 47.8, 63% male, 51% with episodic cluster headache) were included. Factor analysis yielded eight clearly interpretable factors: Medical care, medication side effects, fear of attacks, disability, (auto)aggression, coping, physical activity, and financial burden, which are assessed via 36 items. The internal consistencies of the subscales were acceptable to excellent and ranged between Cronbach's alpha = .76 and .93. The pattern of correlations with related instruments provides first evidence for convergent validity.
The CHS represents a reliable and valid self-report instrument for the assessment of psychosocial factors in persons with cluster headache, which appears useful for both clinical practice as well as research. The study was registered at the German Clinical Trials Register (www.drks.de, ID-Number: DRKS00016502).
丛集性头痛（CH）与相当大的心理社会负担密切相关。然而，缺乏专门评估和描述丛集性头痛患者心理社会因素的工具。本研究旨在开发一种自我报告问卷，即丛集性头痛量表（CHS），以评估丛集性头痛患者最广泛的心理社会因素。
基于文献回顾和对几位专家（包括丛集性头痛患者）的半结构式访谈，构建了丛集性头痛量表的条目。通过横断面在线调查确定了丛集性头痛量表的心理测量学特性和因子结构。采用探索性因子分析和探索性结构方程建模（ESEM）进行数据分析。
共纳入 342 名丛集性头痛患者（平均年龄 47.8 岁，63%为男性，51%为发作性丛集性头痛）。因子分析得出了 8 个可明确解释的因子：医疗护理、药物副作用、害怕发作、残疾、（自我）攻击、应对、身体活动和经济负担，通过 36 个条目进行评估。各分量表的内部一致性可接受至优秀，Cronbach's alpha 值在.76 至.93 之间。与相关工具的相关性模式提供了初步的聚合效度证据。
CHS 是一种可靠有效的自我报告工具，用于评估丛集性头痛患者的心理社会因素，在临床实践和研究中均具有一定价值。该研究已在德国临床试验注册处（www.drks.de，注册号：DRKS00016502）注册。
