Graduate School, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
Curr Drug Deliv. 2021;18(2):199-211. doi: 10.2174/1567201817666200525151848.
Oral mucositis, one of the most common complications of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) treatment, leads to several problems, including pain, diarrhea and malnutrition, and reduces the quality of life and subsequent treatments. Melatonin, a neurohormone with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, was encapsulated in niosomes and embedded in a mucoadhesive gel formulation as a Melatonin Niosome Gel (MNG) to perform oral mucositis treatment.
This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of MNG for the treatment of 5-FU-induced oral mucositis in mice.
Oral mucositis was induced in ICR mice by 5-FU and randomly assigned to receive daily applications of the topical oral MNG, a fluocinolone acetonide gel, a blank niosome gel, or no treatment for 5 days in comparison with a normal group. Average body weights, food consumption, and behaviors of the mice as well as microscopic histopathology, Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis, proinflammatory cytokine levels, and oxidative stress markers of the tongues were monitored and collected after sacrifice.
In comparison to the normal group, the average body weights of the 5-FU-MNG mice did not deviate from that of the normal group, nor was there a significant difference in the time to sleep or licking (>0.05 for both parameters). In addition, the mice treated with MNG and fluocinolone acetonide did not show significantly different histopathological, FTIR, interleukin-1β or malondialdehyde (MDA) results in the tongues used as the oral tissue samples.
Topical MNG potentially inhibits inflammation and lipid oxidative stress in 5-FU-induced oral mucositis.
氟尿嘧啶（5-FU）治疗引起的口腔黏膜炎是最常见的并发症之一，导致多种问题，包括疼痛、腹泻和营养不良，降低生活质量和后续治疗效果。褪黑素是一种具有抗炎和抗氧化作用的神经激素，被包裹在非离子囊泡中，并嵌入一种黏附凝胶制剂中，制成褪黑素非离子囊泡凝胶（MNG），用于口腔黏膜炎的治疗。
本研究旨在探讨 MNG 治疗 5-FU 诱导的小鼠口腔黏膜炎的效果。
ICR 小鼠经 5-FU 诱导口腔黏膜炎，随机分为接受 MNG 局部口腔给药、氟轻松醋酸酯凝胶、空白非离子囊泡凝胶或不治疗 5 天的组，与正常组进行比较。监测和收集平均体重、食物消耗和小鼠行为，以及舌部的微观组织病理学、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）分析、促炎细胞因子水平和氧化应激标志物。
与正常组相比，5-FU-MNG 组的平均体重与正常组没有差异，睡眠时间或舔舐时间也没有显著差异（两个参数均>0.05）。此外，MNG 和氟轻松醋酸酯治疗的小鼠在舌部的组织病理学、FTIR、白细胞介素-1β或丙二醛（MDA）结果方面没有显著差异。
局部 MNG 可能抑制了 5-FU 诱导的口腔黏膜炎中的炎症和脂质氧化应激。
