Department of Internal Medicine, Reading Hospital, Tower Health System, Reading, PA, USA.
Division of Medical Critical Care, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Am J Case Rep. 2020 Jun 2;21:e924577. doi: 10.12659/AJCR.924577.
BACKGROUND This article describes a finding of sputum culture positive for Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in an elderly woman with past medical history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and hypertension, presenting with acute hypoxemic hypercapnic respiratory failure secondary to COPD exacerbation from bronchitis/bronchopneumonia. CASE REPORT Computed tomography (CT) of the chest showed secretions in the lower lobe bronchi and small scattered clustered nodules consistent with bronchitis/mild bronchopneumonia without evidence of pulmonary embolism. A sputum culture was positive for Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. She was treated with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole for 10 days. She recovered and was subsequently discharged from the hospital. CONCLUSIONS Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, previously known as a colonizer, is now being recognized as a true respiratory infection, especially in immunocompromised patients and those with chronic diseases like COPD presenting with signs and symptoms of infection. Therefore, early identification and prompt treatment of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infection is important for a favorable outcome.
本文描述了一位患有慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）和高血压病史的老年女性，因 COPD 加重导致支气管炎/支气管肺炎，出现急性低氧性高碳酸血症呼吸衰竭，痰培养检出嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌。
胸部 CT 显示下叶支气管分泌物和小而散在的簇状小结节，符合支气管炎/轻度支气管肺炎，无肺栓塞证据。痰培养检出嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌。患者接受复方磺胺甲噁唑治疗 10 天。病情好转后出院。
嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌以前被认为是一种定植菌，现在被认为是一种真正的呼吸道感染菌，特别是在免疫功能低下的患者和患有 COPD 等慢性病的患者中，出现感染的症状和体征。因此，早期识别和及时治疗嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌感染对获得良好的治疗效果非常重要。
