Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) Pinnacle, Harrisburg, PA, USA.
Department of Internal Medicine, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Am J Case Rep. 2020 May 25;21:e921466. doi: 10.12659/AJCR.921466.
BACKGROUND Stenotrophomonas maltophilia has the propensity to cause a plethora of opportunistic infections in humans owing to biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance. It is often seen as a co-organism along with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. CASE REPORT A 70-year-old woman with several co-morbidities presented reporting hypoglycemia and dyspnea. An imaging study of the chest was suggestive of deterioration of pneumonia, with increased opacities. Initial respiratory cultures were negative, while subsequent repeat cultures revealed the growth of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia susceptible to trimethoprim plus sulfamethoxazole and levofloxacin. The patient had a poor prognosis and eventually died despite appropriate measures. CONCLUSIONS A decline in the clinical status of a patient such as ours makes it hard to quickly diagnose this organism correctly. Physicians should thus be cautious of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia-induced infection and more emphasis should be placed on appropriate treatment due to the emerging risk of antibiotic resistance.
嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌由于形成生物膜和对抗生素的耐药性，有引起多种人体机会性感染的倾向。它通常与铜绿假单胞菌一起被视为共生菌。
一名 70 岁的女性患者合并多种合并症，报告有低血糖和呼吸困难。胸部影像学检查提示肺炎恶化，混浊度增加。初始呼吸道培养为阴性，随后重复培养显示生长的嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌对甲氧苄啶磺胺甲恶唑和左氧氟沙星敏感。尽管采取了适当的措施，患者预后不良，最终死亡。
像我们这样的患者临床状况的下降使得很难快速正确地诊断出这种病原体。因此，医生应该警惕嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌引起的感染，并更加重视适当的治疗，因为抗生素耐药性的风险正在增加。
