iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.
iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.
Curr Opin Struct Biol. 2020 Aug;63:82-89. doi: 10.1016/j.sbi.2020.04.008. Epub 2020 May 30.
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) couple to diverse heterotrimeric G protein subtypes and then activate downstream signaling pathways in classical GPCR activation. It has also been found that GPCRs transduce signals through different regulatory proteins, such as arrestins. Recently, owing to the breakthroughs in cryo-electron macroscopy (Cryo-EM), numerous structures of GPCR-G protein or GPCR-arrestin complexes have been deciphered. In this review, we summarize most of reported GPCR signaling complex structures, with an emphasis on the structural features of rhodopsin-like GPCR activation and G protein-binding/arrestin-binding modes, to illustrate the activation and signaling mechanism of rhodopsin-like GPCRs.
G 蛋白偶联受体（GPCRs）与多种异三聚体 G 蛋白亚型偶联，然后在经典 GPCR 激活中激活下游信号通路。也发现 GPCR 通过不同的调节蛋白（如 arrestin）转导信号。最近，由于冷冻电镜（Cryo-EM）的突破，已经解析了许多 GPCR-G 蛋白或 GPCR-arrestin 复合物的结构。在这篇综述中，我们总结了大多数报道的 GPCR 信号复合物结构，重点介绍了视紫红质样 GPCR 激活和 G 蛋白结合/arrestin 结合模式的结构特征，以说明视紫红质样 GPCR 的激活和信号转导机制。
