成人住院患者自杀筛查问题的验证：一种适用于所有年龄段的简短工具。
Validation of the Ask Suicide-Screening Questions for Adult Medical Inpatients: A Brief Tool for All Ages.
机构信息
Office of the Clinical Director, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD.
Office of the Clinical Director, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD.
出版信息
Psychosomatics. 2020 Nov-Dec;61(6):713-722. doi: 10.1016/j.psym.2020.04.008. Epub 2020 Apr 28.
BACKGROUND
Few brief suicide risk screening instruments are validated for use in both adult and pediatric medical populations. Using the pediatric Ask Suicide-Screening Questions (ASQ) development study as a model, this study aimed to determine whether the ASQ is a valid suicide risk-screening instrument for use among adults medical patients, as well as to evaluate a set of other potential screening questions for use in adults.
METHODS
Adult patients hospitalized on inpatient medical/surgical units from 4 hospitals were recruited to participate in a cross-sectional instrument-validation study. The 4-item ASQ and other candidate items were compared against the 25-item, previously validated Adult Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire as the criterion standard.
RESULTS
A total of 727 adult medical inpatients completed the screening process. Compared with the Adult Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire, the ASQ performed best among the full set of candidate items, demonstrating strong psychometric properties, with a sensitivity of 100% (95% confidence interval = 90%-100%), a specificity of 89% (95% confidence interval = 86%-91%), and a negative predictive value of 100% (95% confidence interval = 99%-100%). A total of 4.8% (35/727) of the participants screened positive for suicide risk based on the standard criterion Adult Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire.
CONCLUSIONS
The ASQ is a valid and brief suicide risk-screening tool for use among adults. Screening medical/surgical inpatients for suicide risk can be performed effectively for both adult and pediatric patients using this brief, primary screener.
背景
很少有简短的自杀风险筛查工具经过验证可同时用于成人和儿科医疗人群。本研究以儿科自杀筛查问题（ASQ）开发研究为模型，旨在确定 ASQ 是否是一种有效的成人医疗患者自杀风险筛查工具，同时评估一组其他潜在的成人筛查问题。
方法
从 4 家医院的住院内科/外科病房招募成年患者参与横断面仪器验证研究。将 4 项 ASQ 和其他候选项目与之前验证的 25 项成人自杀意念问卷进行比较，作为标准。
结果
共有 727 名成年内科住院患者完成了筛查过程。与成人自杀意念问卷相比，ASQ 在整套候选项目中表现最佳，具有较强的心理测量特性，灵敏度为 100%（95%置信区间为 90%-100%），特异性为 89%（95%置信区间为 86%-91%），阴性预测值为 100%（95%置信区间为 99%-100%）。根据标准成人自杀意念问卷，共有 4.8%（35/727）的参与者筛查出自杀风险阳性。
结论
ASQ 是一种有效的简短自杀风险筛查工具，可用于成人。使用这种简短的主要筛查器，可以有效地对内科/外科住院患者进行自杀风险筛查，既适用于成人也适用于儿科患者。
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