压力作为痴呆症照料者促进心理健康的一项挑战。
Stress as a challenge in promoting mental health among dementia caregivers.
作者信息
Zahed Shakiba, Emami Maryam, Eslami Ahmad Ali, Barekatain Majid, Hassanzadeh Akbar, Zamani-Alavijeh Fereshteh
机构信息
Department of Health Education and Promotion, Student Research Committee, School of Heath, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
出版信息
J Educ Health Promot. 2020 Mar 31;9:65. doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_445_19. eCollection 2020.
BACKGROUND
Caregiver stress is harmful to the health of both caregivers and people living with Alzheimer's disease or other dementias. The present study was conducted to assess stress and its predictors of people living with Alzheimer's disease or other dementias' caregivers.
METHODS
The present descriptive, analytical, cross-sectional study was conducted in December 2017-June 2018 in Isfahan, Iran. Data were collected by interviewing 99 caregivers had at least 6 months of experience caring for a patient diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease, through questionnaires developed by the researcher. A convenience sample (easy access) of caregivers was recruited from calling the home of formally diagnosed with Alzheimer's patient, that have registered in educational hospitals affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences and psychiatrists' office both paid caregivers (formal) and unpaid caregivers (family). All caregivers provided informed consent. The type and severity of the relationship between the dependent (stress) and independent variable were assessed using Pearson's and Spearman's correlation coefficients, the independent -test, and the multivariate regression analysis.
RESULTS
The caregivers' mean stress score was 25.4 ± 10.9 (range: 4-54). About 80% of the caregivers were female. Age and stress score was correlated ( = 0.004), the mean stress score was significantly higher in female caregivers ( = 0.04), informal caregivers ( < 0.001), and significantly lower in the caregivers with previous experience of caring for Alzheimer's patients ( = 0.02) or those introduced by service companies ( = 0.005). Variables including the family relationship with the patient ( = 0.01), kind of caregiving ( = 0.03), and previous experience of caring for Alzheimer's patients ( = 0.04) were stronger predictors of the stress score.
CONCLUSION
Stress is a challenge in promoting mental health among dementia caregivers. Providing social support with an emphasis on physical, mental, and social health is mandatory, especially for female and family caregivers, to promote stress management, mental health in this group, and enable optimal and purposeful care.
背景
照顾者压力对照顾者以及患有阿尔茨海默病或其他痴呆症的人的健康都有害。本研究旨在评估阿尔茨海默病或其他痴呆症患者的照顾者的压力及其预测因素。
方法
本描述性、分析性横断面研究于2017年12月至2018年6月在伊朗伊斯法罕进行。通过研究者编制的问卷，对99名至少有6个月照顾阿尔茨海默病确诊患者经验的照顾者进行访谈来收集数据。从致电正式诊断为阿尔茨海默病患者的家庭中招募了一个便利样本（易于获取）的照顾者，这些患者已在伊斯法罕医科大学附属教学医院和精神科医生办公室登记，包括付费照顾者（正式）和无薪照顾者（家人）。所有照顾者均提供了知情同意书。使用Pearson和Spearman相关系数、独立样本t检验和多元回归分析评估因变量（压力）和自变量之间关系的类型和强度。
结果
照顾者的平均压力得分为25.4±10.9（范围：4 - 54）。约80%的照顾者为女性。年龄与压力得分相关（P = 0.004），女性照顾者的平均压力得分显著更高（P = 0.04），非正式照顾者（P < 0.001），而有照顾阿尔茨海默病患者既往经验的照顾者（P = 0.02）或由服务公司介绍的照顾者（P = 0.005）的压力得分显著更低。包括与患者的家庭关系（P = 0.01）、照顾类型（P = 0.03）以及照顾阿尔茨海默病患者的既往经验（P = 0.04）等变量是压力得分更强的预测因素。
结论
压力是痴呆症照顾者心理健康促进方面的一项挑战。必须提供强调身体、心理和社会健康的社会支持，尤其是对女性和家庭照顾者，以促进该群体的压力管理、心理健康，并实现最佳且有目的的照顾。
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