Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China.
Department of Stomatology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China.
J Periodontol. 2020 Dec;91(12):1584-1594. doi: 10.1002/JPER.19-0498. Epub 2020 Jul 8.
It remains unclear whether well-maintained subjects, with periodontitis in the past, effectively treated, and maintained for a long time, have the same subgingival microbiome as healthy subjects. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the characteristics of the subgingival microbiome in well-maintained patients with a history of periodontitis compared with healthy subjects.
We recruited in 17 well-maintained individuals (no evidence of clinical inflammation and progress of periodontitis) and 21 healthy individuals. Periodontal clinical parameters, consisting of missing teeth, plaque index (PLI), periodontal depth (PD), and bleeding index (BI), were recorded and analyzed. The pooled subgingival samples from mesiobuccal sites of two maxillary first molars were collected. The V3-V4 region of 16S rRNA gene from 38 subgingival samples was sequenced and analyzed. Alpha diversity, microbial composition, types of bacteria, functional pathways between well-maintained group and health group were compared using Mann-Whitney U test. Spearman correlation was used in analyzing the symbiotic relationship among taxa. A classification model was constructed to distinguish two ecological types.
The maintained individuals demonstrated a different microbiome from healthy subjects, with higher diversity, more disordered structure, more pathogenic microbiota, and more host-destructive metabolism pathways. The genera Actinomyces, Streptococcus, Leptotrichia, Capnocytophaga, Lautropia, and Fusobacterium were predominant components with relative abundance >5% in the subgingival microbiome of well-maintained patients. The classification model by microbiota got a remarkable accuracy of 83.33%.
Individuals with well-maintained periodontitis showed a more dysbiotic microbial community than healthy individuals. Therefore, close monitoring and scheduled maintenance treatment are necessary for them to maintain a healthy periodontal condition.
目前尚不清楚过去患有牙周炎、经过有效治疗并长期维持的患者是否具有与健康受试者相同的龈下微生物组。因此，本研究旨在调查牙周炎维持良好的患者与健康受试者相比龈下微生物组的特征。
我们招募了 17 名牙周炎维持良好的患者（无临床炎症和牙周炎进展的证据）和 21 名健康对照者。记录和分析牙周临床参数，包括失牙、菌斑指数（PLI）、牙周袋深度（PD）和出血指数（BI）。采集双侧上颌第一磨牙近中颊面的龈下样本。对 38 个龈下样本的 16S rRNA 基因 V3-V4 区进行测序和分析。使用 Mann-Whitney U 检验比较维持组和健康组之间的 alpha 多样性、微生物组成、细菌类型和功能途径。使用 Spearman 相关分析分析分类之间的共生关系。构建分类模型以区分两种生态类型。
维持组患者的微生物组与健康组患者不同，表现为多样性更高、结构更紊乱、致病性微生物更多、宿主破坏性代谢途径更多。放线菌属、链球菌属、勒克氏菌属、纤毛菌属、罗氏菌属和梭杆菌属是龈下微生物组中相对丰度>5%的主要组成部分。基于微生物组的分类模型具有 83.33%的显著准确性。
牙周炎维持良好的患者表现出更失调的微生物群落，因此需要密切监测和定期维持治疗，以维持健康的牙周状况。
