Clínica Clima, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Departamento de Neurociência, Centro Universitário Saúde ABC, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil.
Braz J Psychiatry. 2021 Feb 1;43(1):75-82. doi: 10.1590/1516-4446-2019-0782. eCollection 2020.
Although smoking rates have declined in most of the countries in the world, there are population groups within these countries whose smoking rates remain significantly higher than the general population. These "forgotten groups" who have not been receiving the needed attention in tobacco control policies and tobacco cessation efforts include people with serious mental illness, substance use disorders, tuberculosis, people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), lesbian-gay-bisexual-transgender-queer people, and pregnant women. A number of steps are needed at the national level in countries where these disparities exist, including modifications to national smoking cessation treatment guidelines that address the special needs of these populations, as well as targeted smoking cessation research, since these populations are often not included in clinical trials. Because of the higher smoking prevalence in these populations, as well as their lower smoking cessation treatment success rates than the general population, more resources are needed if we are to reduce health disparities in these vulnerable populations. Additionally, we believe that more effort should be focused on integrating smoking cessation treatment in the specialized care settings frequented by these subpopulations.
尽管世界上大多数国家的吸烟率都有所下降，但在这些国家中，仍有一些人群的吸烟率明显高于总人口。这些“被遗忘的群体”在烟草控制政策和戒烟努力中没有得到应有的关注，包括患有严重精神疾病、物质使用障碍、结核病、感染人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV)、女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋、跨性别和酷儿以及孕妇。在存在这些差异的国家，需要在国家一级采取若干措施，包括修改国家戒烟治疗指南，以满足这些人群的特殊需求，以及开展有针对性的戒烟研究，因为这些人群通常不包括在临床试验中。由于这些人群的吸烟率较高，戒烟治疗成功率低于总人口，因此，如果我们要减少这些弱势群体的健康差距，就需要更多的资源。此外，我们认为，应该更加关注将戒烟治疗纳入这些亚人群经常光顾的专门护理环境中。
