Department of Psychology, University of Utah.
Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University.
Psychol Aging. 2020 Dec;35(8):1115-1126. doi: 10.1037/pag0000519. Epub 2020 Jun 4.
Older adults often report less exposure to and less affective reactions to daily stressors. However, older adults with a chronic illness such as Type 1 diabetes may experience more daily stressors due to the complications of diabetes and may be more affected by those stressors. The study examined (a) age differences in reported exposure to general and diabetes stressors, (b) whether daily general and diabetes stressors relate to daily positive and negative affect, self-care, and blood glucose, and (c) whether these daily associations are moderated by age and comorbidity. Individuals with Type 1 diabetes (n = 199; 52.3% female, average age 46.81 years) completed a checklist for 14 days reporting general and diabetes stressors. General diabetes distress was assessed with the Diabetes Distress Scale. Daily positive and negative affect and daily self-care behaviors were rated each day. Blood glucose was assessed via glucometers. Older adults reported fewer daily general and diabetes stressors and less diabetes distress compared to younger adults. Multilevel models indicated that both daily general and diabetes stressors (between- and within-person) were associated with lower positive and higher negative affect. Fewer diabetes stressors were associated with better self-care and lower (better) mean blood glucose. Neither age nor comorbidity interacted with general or diabetes stressors to predict any outcome (except one effect for comorbidity), indicating that older adults and those experiencing more comorbid conditions were similarly affected by stressors. Results suggest that older adults experience fewer stressors than younger adults but are similarly affected when stressors do occur. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
老年人通常报告称，他们接触到的日常压力源较少，对这些压力源的反应也较少。然而，患有 1 型糖尿病等慢性病的老年人可能会因糖尿病的并发症而经历更多的日常压力源，并且可能更容易受到这些压力源的影响。本研究考察了：（a）报告的一般和糖尿病压力源方面的年龄差异；（b）日常一般和糖尿病压力源是否与日常积极和消极情绪、自我护理以及血糖水平相关；（c）这些日常关联是否受年龄和合并症的调节。199 名 1 型糖尿病患者（女性占 52.3%，平均年龄 46.81 岁）完成了 14 天的检查表，报告了一般和糖尿病压力源。一般糖尿病困扰用糖尿病困扰量表评估。每天评估积极和消极的情绪以及自我护理行为。通过血糖仪评估血糖水平。与年轻成年人相比，老年成年人报告的日常一般压力源和糖尿病压力源较少，糖尿病困扰程度也较低。多层次模型表明，日常一般压力源和糖尿病压力源（个体间和个体内）都与较低的积极情绪和较高的消极情绪相关。较少的糖尿病压力源与更好的自我护理和更低（更好）的平均血糖水平相关。年龄和合并症均未与一般或糖尿病压力源相互作用，以预测任何结果（仅对一种合并症有影响），这表明，老年人和合并症较多的人群受到压力源的影响是相似的。研究结果表明，与年轻成年人相比，老年人接触的压力源较少，但当压力源确实发生时，他们受到的影响也相似。（PsycInfo 数据库记录（c）2020 APA，保留所有权利）。
