Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Compass House, Cambridge, United Kingdom (MT, JJ, LS); Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom (SJ); Division of Psychology and Mental Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom (JF); Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (JF); NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Westmead, Australia (JF); Health Behaviour Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, University College London, London, United Kingdom (AF); Eating Disorders Service, Barnet, Enfield & Haringey Mental Health Trust, United Kingdom (AM); RCPsych Sport & Exercise Psychiatry Special Interest Group, 21 Prescot Street London E1 8BB (AM); Positive Ageing Research Institute (PARI), Anglia Ruskin University, United Kingdom (BS); Physiotherapy Department, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hills, London, United Kingdom (BS); Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, United Kingdom (BS).
J Addict Med. 2020 Dec;14(6):e321-e329. doi: 10.1097/ADM.0000000000000664.
Exercise addiction (EA) can be debilitating and can be a symptom of an eating disorder. To date, the prevalence rates of EA without indicated eating disorders in the general population and associated correlates remain unreported.
Two authors searched major databases from inception to 31/12/2018 to identify studies investigating the prevalence of EA in any population without indicated eating disorders. We conducted a random effects meta-analysis to report (i) prevalence rates of EA using the exercise addiction inventory and exercise dependence scale and compare sub-populations, (ii) compare methods of EA measurement and explore heterogeneity, and (iii) report on correlates.
A total of 13 studies including 3635 people were included. The prevalence of EA among general exercisers was 8.1% (95% CI 1.5%-34.2%), amateur competitive athletes was 5.0% (95% CI 1.3%-17.3%), and university students was 5.5% (95% CI 1.4-19.1%%). Overall prevalence rates varied depending on the EA measurement tool. EA subjects were more likely to have lower levels of overall wellbeing (only in amateur competitive athletes), higher anxiety levels, and have greater frontal brain activity.
EA is prevalent in the absence of indicated eating disorders across populations but varies depending on measurement tool. Further research is needed to explore EA without indicated eating disorders in different populations using homogenous measurement tools, further determine psychological correlates, and examine which measures of EA without indicated eating disorders predict poor health outcomes.
运动成瘾（Exercise Addiction，EA）可能会使人衰弱，并且可能是饮食失调的症状。迄今为止，一般人群中没有饮食障碍的 EA 流行率以及相关的关联因素仍未报道。
两位作者从创建到 2018 年 12 月 31 日，在主要数据库中搜索了研究一般人群中没有饮食障碍的 EA 流行率的研究。我们进行了随机效应荟萃分析，以报告：（i）使用运动成瘾量表和运动依赖量表的 EA 流行率，并比较亚人群；（ii）比较 EA 测量方法并探索异质性；（iii）报告相关性。
共纳入 13 项研究，包括 3635 人。普通锻炼者的 EA 患病率为 8.1％（95％CI 1.5％-34.2％），业余竞技运动员为 5.0％（95％CI 1.3％-17.3％），大学生为 5.5％（95％CI 1.4-19.1％）。总体患病率取决于 EA 测量工具。EA 受试者更有可能整体幸福感较低（仅在业余竞技运动员中），焦虑水平较高，并且额叶大脑活动更大。
在没有饮食障碍的情况下，EA 在不同人群中普遍存在，但因测量工具而异。需要进一步研究，以使用同质的测量工具在不同人群中探索没有饮食障碍的 EA，进一步确定心理相关性，并检查哪些没有饮食障碍的 EA 措施可以预测不良健康结果。
