Das Pankoj Kumar, Salinas Irene
University of New Mexico, Department of Biology, Center for Evolutionary and Theoretical Immunology (CETI), Albuquerque, NM, USA.
University of New Mexico, Department of Biology, Center for Evolutionary and Theoretical Immunology (CETI), Albuquerque, NM, USA.
Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2020 Sep;104:165-171. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.05.076. Epub 2020 Jun 1.
Like terrestrial vertebrates, bony fishes have a nasopharynx-associated lymphoid tissue (NALT) that protects the host against invading pathogens. Despite nasal immunity being a relatively new field in fish immunology, the investigation of nasal immune systems has already illuminated fundamental aspects of teleost mucosal immune systems as well as neuroimmunology. In this review, we highlight the importance of nasal infections in bony fish and the progress that has been made towards understanding how fish respond locally and systemically to nasal infection or vaccination. We also want to highlight the complex interactions between neurons and immune cells that occur in the olfactory organ during the course of an immune response. We predict that similar neuroimmune interactions govern immune responses at all mucosal tissues in bony fish. Understanding the principles of mucosal immune responses in teleost NALT has therefore revealed important aspects of fish mucosal immunity that are critical for mucosal vaccination in aquaculture.
与陆生脊椎动物一样，硬骨鱼拥有与鼻咽相关的淋巴组织（NALT），可保护宿主抵御入侵病原体。尽管鱼类免疫学中鼻腔免疫是一个相对较新的领域，但对鼻腔免疫系统的研究已经揭示了硬骨鱼黏膜免疫系统以及神经免疫学的基本方面。在这篇综述中，我们强调硬骨鱼鼻腔感染的重要性以及在理解鱼类如何对鼻腔感染或疫苗接种做出局部和全身反应方面所取得的进展。我们还想强调在免疫反应过程中嗅觉器官中神经元与免疫细胞之间发生的复杂相互作用。我们预测，类似的神经免疫相互作用支配着硬骨鱼所有黏膜组织的免疫反应。因此，了解硬骨鱼NALT中黏膜免疫反应的原理揭示了鱼类黏膜免疫的重要方面，这些方面对于水产养殖中的黏膜疫苗接种至关重要。
