Ebadollahi Asgar, Setzer William N
Moghan College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil 56199-36514, Iran.
Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA.
Foods. 2020 Jun 2;9(6):712. doi: 10.3390/foods9060712.
The use of chemical insecticides has had several side-effects, such as environmental contamination, foodborne residues, and human health threats. The utilization of plant-derived essential oils as efficient bio-rational agents has been acknowledged in pest management strategies. In the present study, the fumigant toxicity of essential oil isolated from was assessed against cosmopolitan stored-product insect pests: Everts (khapra beetle), (Fabricius) (lesser grain borer), (Herbst) (red flour beetle), and (L.) (saw-toothed grain beetle). The essential oil had significant fumigant toxicity against tested insects, which positively depended on essential oil concentrations and the exposure times. Comparative contact toxicity of essential oil was measured against Boyer de Fonscolombe (oleander aphid) and its predator L. (seven-spot ladybird). Adult females of were more susceptible to the contact toxicity than the adults. The dominant compounds in the essential oil of were thymol (48.1%), carvacrol (11.8%), -cymene (8.1%), and γ-terpinene (8.1%). The high fumigant toxicity against four major stored-product insect pests, the significant aphidicidal effect on , and relative safety to the general predator make terpene-rich essential oil a potential candidate for use as a plant-based alternative to the detrimental synthetic insecticides.
化学杀虫剂的使用产生了多种副作用，如环境污染、食物残留和对人类健康的威胁。在害虫管理策略中，植物源精油作为有效的生物合理药剂已得到认可。在本研究中，评估了从[未提及植物名称]中分离出的精油对世界性储粮害虫的熏蒸毒性：埃弗茨（谷斑皮蠹）、[未提及害虫学名]（法布里丘斯）（赤拟谷盗）、[未提及害虫学名]（赫布斯特）（赤拟谷盗）和[未提及害虫学名]（L.）（锯谷盗）。该精油对受试昆虫具有显著的熏蒸毒性，且这种毒性与精油浓度和暴露时间呈正相关。测定了[未提及植物名称]精油对[未提及害虫学名]博耶·德·丰斯科洛姆布（夹竹桃蚜）及其捕食者[未提及学名]L.（七星瓢虫）的比较接触毒性。夹竹桃蚜的成年雌虫比七星瓢虫成虫对接触毒性更敏感。[未提及植物名称]精油中的主要成分是百里香酚（48.1%）、香芹酚（11.8%）、对异丙基甲苯（8.1%）和γ-萜品烯（8.1%）。对四种主要储粮害虫具有高熏蒸毒性、对夹竹桃蚜有显著杀蚜效果且对一般捕食者相对安全，使得富含萜烯的[未提及植物名称]精油成为一种潜在的候选物，可作为有害合成杀虫剂的植物基替代品。
