Eastwood Gillian, Sang Rosemary C, Lutomiah Joel, Tunge Philip, Weaver Scott C
Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, Center for Tropical Diseases, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA.
College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA.
Insects. 2020 Jun 3;11(6):342. doi: 10.3390/insects11060342.
As new and re-emerging vector-borne diseases are occurring across the world, East Africa represents an interesting location, being the origin of several arboviruses with a history of urbanization and global spread. Rapid expansion of urban populations and alteration of natural habitats creates the opportunity for arboviruses to host-switch from wild, sylvatic hosts or vectors into urban transmission affecting human populations. Although mosquito surveillance regularly takes place in urban areas of Kenya, for example identifying vectors of dengue virus or malaria viruses, little work has been carried out to determine the distribution and abundance of sylvatic vectors. Here, we describe the mosquito vector species and diversity collected at twelve forest habitats of rural Kenya. We conducted arbovirus screening of over 14,082 mosquitoes (47 species, 11 genera) as 1520 pools, and detected seven viruses (six bunyaviruses, and one flavivirus-bunyavirus co-infection) isolated from pools of , and . Awareness of sylvatic vector species and their location is a critical part of understanding the ecological foci and enzootic cycling of pathogens that may be of concern to public, animal or wildlife health. As natural ecosystems come under anthropogenic pressures, such knowledge can inform us of the One Health potential for spillover or spillback leading to outbreaks, and assist in vector control strategies.
随着新出现和再次出现的媒介传播疾病在全球范围内不断发生，东非成为一个引人关注的地区，它是几种虫媒病毒的发源地，有着城市化和全球传播的历史。城市人口的迅速增长和自然栖息地的改变为虫媒病毒提供了从野生、森林宿主或媒介宿主转换到城市传播从而影响人群的机会。例如，尽管肯尼亚城市地区定期开展蚊虫监测，以识别登革热病毒或疟原虫病毒的媒介，但在确定森林媒介的分布和数量方面开展的工作很少。在此，我们描述了在肯尼亚农村的12个森林栖息地采集的蚊虫媒介种类和多样性。我们对1520组超过14082只蚊子（47种，11属）进行了虫媒病毒筛查，从 、 和 的样本组中检测到7种病毒（6种布尼亚病毒，以及1种黄病毒 - 布尼亚病毒共感染）。了解森林媒介种类及其分布位置是理解可能关乎公众、动物或野生动物健康的病原体的生态疫源地和动物疫病循环的关键部分。随着自然生态系统受到人为压力影响，此类知识可以让我们了解溢出或回溢导致疾病暴发的“同一健康”潜力，并有助于制定媒介控制策略。
