Interdisciplinary Program in Cancer Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
J Hematol Oncol. 2020 Jun 5;13(1):67. doi: 10.1186/s13045-020-00893-3.
Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles secreted by almost all the cells. Molecular cargos of exosomes can partially reflect the characteristics of originating cells. Exosome-mediated cell-to-cell interactions in the microenvironment are critical in cancer progression. Hypoxia, a key pro-cancerous feature of the tumor microenvironment, alters the releasing and contents of exosomes. A growing body of evidence shows that hypoxia induces more aggressive phenotypes in cancer. Of note, non-coding RNAs shuttled in hypoxic tumor-derived exosomes have been demonstrated as fundamental molecules in regulating cancer biology and remodeling tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, these hypoxic tumor-derived exosomal non-coding RNAs can be detected in the body fluids, serving as promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. The current review discusses changes in cancer behaviors regulated by exosomes-secreted non-coding RNAs under hypoxic conditions.
外泌体是几乎所有细胞分泌的小细胞外囊泡。外泌体的分子货物可以部分反映来源细胞的特征。外泌体介导的微环境中的细胞间相互作用在癌症进展中至关重要。缺氧是肿瘤微环境中促进癌症发生的关键特征，改变了外泌体的释放和内容物。越来越多的证据表明，缺氧会诱导癌症表现出更具侵袭性的表型。值得注意的是，在缺氧肿瘤衍生的外泌体中转运的非编码 RNA 已被证明是调节癌症生物学和重塑肿瘤微环境的基本分子。此外，这些缺氧肿瘤衍生的外泌体非编码 RNA 可以在体液中检测到，作为有前途的诊断和预后生物标志物。本综述讨论了在缺氧条件下由外泌体分泌的非编码 RNA 调节的癌症行为变化。
