Department of Zoology, Kyaing Tong University, Keng Tung, Myanmar.
Myanmar Snakebite Project, Mandalay Office, Myanmar.
Toxicon. 2020 Sep;184:39-47. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2020.05.023. Epub 2020 Jun 3.
Examination of 18 cobras brought to three hospitals in the Mandalay Region by patients bitten or spat at by them distinguished 3 monocled cobras (Naja kaouthia) and 15 Mandalay spitting cobras (N. mandalayensis), based on their morphological characteristics. We confirm and extend the known distributions and habitats of both N. mandalayensis and N. kaouthia in Upper Myanmar. Clinical symptoms of local and systemic envenoming by N. mandalayensis are described for the first time. These included local swelling, blistering and necrosis and life-threatening systemic neurotoxicity. More information is needed about the clinical phenotype and management of bites by N. mandalayensis, the commoner of the two cobras in Upper Myanmar. Since the current cobra antivenom manufactured in Myanmar has lower pre-clinical efficacy against N. mandalayensis than N. kaouthia, there is a need for more specific antivenom therapy.
对 18 条被患者被眼镜蛇或喷毒液的眼镜蛇咬伤或咬伤而送往曼德勒地区三家医院的眼镜蛇进行检查，根据其形态特征，区分出 3 条单眼镜蛇（Naja kaouthia）和 15 条曼德勒喷毒眼镜蛇（N. mandalayensis）。我们确认并扩展了已知的缅甸上缅甸地区的 N. mandalayensis 和 N. kaouthia 的分布和栖息地。首次描述了曼德勒喷毒眼镜蛇局部和全身中毒的临床症状。这些症状包括局部肿胀、起泡和坏死以及危及生命的全身性神经毒性。需要更多关于缅甸上缅甸地区更常见的两种眼镜蛇 N. mandalayensis 咬伤的临床表型和处理的信息。由于目前在缅甸制造的眼镜蛇抗蛇毒血清对 N. mandalayensis 的临床前疗效低于 N. kaouthia，因此需要更具针对性的抗蛇毒治疗。
