Raychaudhuri Ruchira, Naik Santoshi, Shreya Ajjappla B, Kandpal Neha, Pandey Abhijeet, Kalthur Guruprasad, Mutalik Srinivas
Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka State, India.
Department of Clinical Embryology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka State, India.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2020 Oct 15;161:1189-1205. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.05.262. Epub 2020 Jun 3.
With growing interest in polymers of natural origin, innumerable polysaccharides have gained attention for their biomedical application. Pullulan, one of the FDA approved nutraceuticals, possesses multiple unique properties which make them highly advantageous for biomedical applications. This present review encompasses the sources, production, properties and applications of pullulan. It highlights various pullulan based stimuli-responsive systems (temperature, pH, ultrasound, magnetic), subcellular targeted systems (mitochondria, Golgi apparatus/endoplasmic reticulum, lysosome, endosome), lipid-vesicular systems (solid-lipid nanoparticles, liposomes), polymeric nanofibres, micelles, inorganic (SPIONs, gold and silver nanoparticles), carbon-based nanoplatforms (carbon nanotubes, fullerenes, nanodiamonds) and quantum dots. This article also gives insight into different biomedical, therapeutic and diagnostic applications of pullulan viz., imaging, tumor targeting, stem cell therapy, gene therapy, vaccine delivery, cosmetic applications, protein delivery, tissue engineering, photodynamic therapy and chaperone-like activities. The review also includes the toxicological profile of pullulan which is helpful for the development of suitable delivery systems for clinical applications.
随着人们对天然来源聚合物的兴趣日益浓厚，无数多糖因其生物医学应用而受到关注。普鲁兰多糖是美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）批准的营养保健品之一，具有多种独特特性，使其在生物医学应用中具有高度优势。本综述涵盖了普鲁兰多糖的来源、生产、性质及应用。它重点介绍了各种基于普鲁兰多糖的刺激响应系统（温度、pH值、超声、磁）、亚细胞靶向系统（线粒体、高尔基体/内质网、溶酶体、内体）、脂质囊泡系统（固体脂质纳米粒、脂质体）、聚合物纳米纤维、胶束、无机材料（超顺磁性氧化铁纳米颗粒、金和银纳米颗粒）、碳基纳米平台（碳纳米管、富勒烯、纳米金刚石）以及量子点。本文还深入探讨了普鲁兰多糖在不同生物医学、治疗和诊断方面的应用，即成像、肿瘤靶向、干细胞治疗、基因治疗、疫苗递送、美容应用、蛋白质递送、组织工程、光动力疗法以及伴侣样活性。该综述还包括普鲁兰多糖的毒理学概况，这有助于开发适用于临床应用的递送系统。
