Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova Ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia.
Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska Ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Feb 6;24(4):3188. doi: 10.3390/ijms24043188.
Biopolymeric nanoparticles are gaining importance as nanocarriers for various biomedical applications, enabling long-term and controlled release at the target site. Since they are promising delivery systems for various therapeutic agents and offer advantageous properties such as biodegradability, biocompatibility, non-toxicity, and stability compared to various toxic metal nanoparticles, we decided to provide an overview on this topic. Therefore, the review focuses on the use of biopolymeric nanoparticles of animal, plant, algal, fungal, and bacterial origin as a sustainable material for potential use as drug delivery systems. A particular focus is on the encapsulation of many different therapeutic agents categorized as bioactive compounds, drugs, antibiotics, and other antimicrobial agents, extracts, and essential oils into protein- and polysaccharide-based nanocarriers. These show promising benefits for human health, especially for successful antimicrobial and anticancer activity. The review article, divided into protein-based and polysaccharide-based biopolymeric nanoparticles and further according to the origin of the biopolymer, enables the reader to select the appropriate biopolymeric nanoparticles more easily for the incorporation of the desired component. The latest research results from the last five years in the field of the successful production of biopolymeric nanoparticles loaded with various therapeutic agents for healthcare applications are included in this review.
生物聚合纳米粒子作为各种生物医学应用的纳米载体的重要性日益增加，能够在靶部位实现长期和控制释放。由于它们是各种治疗剂的有前途的递药系统，并且与各种毒性金属纳米粒子相比具有生物降解性、生物相容性、无毒性和稳定性等有利特性，我们决定对此主题进行概述。因此，本综述侧重于将动物、植物、藻类、真菌和细菌来源的生物聚合纳米粒子用作药物递送系统的潜在可持续材料。特别关注将许多不同的治疗剂（分类为生物活性化合物、药物、抗生素和其他抗菌剂、提取物和精油）封装到基于蛋白质和多糖的纳米载体中。这些在人类健康方面显示出有希望的益处，特别是在成功的抗菌和抗癌活性方面。该综述文章分为基于蛋白质的和基于多糖的生物聚合纳米粒子，并进一步根据生物聚合物的来源进行分类，使读者能够更轻松地为所需成分选择合适的生物聚合纳米粒子。本综述包括过去五年中在成功生产负载各种治疗剂的生物聚合纳米粒子以用于医疗保健应用领域的最新研究结果。
