Agrawal Surendra, Budhwani Divya, Gurjar Pravina, Telange Darshan, Lambole Vijay
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Datta Meghe College of Pharmacy, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Sawangi Meghe, Wardha, India.
Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, Mumbai, SVKM'S NMIMS, Mumbai, India.
Drug Deliv. 2022 Dec;29(1):3328-3339. doi: 10.1080/10717544.2022.2144544.
Drug distribution relies heavily on polymers, which also offer a variety of benefits like controlled release, targeted release, prolonged release, etc. Due to their low toxicity and great safety, biodegradable polymers are highly preferred. The exopolysaccharide known as pullulan is generated from a fungus known as . It has many different qualities, including biodegradability, appropriate adhesion, antioxidant, film-forming capacity, blood compatibility, mucosal adhesion, etc. However, its application in the pharmaceutical industry is restricted by its insolubility in organic solvents, mechanical characteristics, and lack of macromolecule-carrying ability groups. This review provides an overview of the modifications made to pullulan, including periodate oxidation, etherification, esterification, sulfation, urethane derivatization, PEG incorporation, and cationization, to enhance its solubility in organic solvents, mechanical properties, pH sensitivity, drug delivery, anticoagulant, and antimicrobial properties. Pullulan has nine active hydroxyl groups in its structure that react chemically that can be used for physicochemical modification to produce pullulan derivatives. A key area of pullulan research has been pullulan modification, which has demonstrated enhanced solubility, pH-sensitive targeting, broadened horizons for delivery systems, anticoagulation, and antibacterial properties.
药物递送严重依赖聚合物，聚合物还具有多种益处，如控释、靶向释放、长效释放等。由于其低毒性和高安全性，可生物降解聚合物备受青睐。名为普鲁兰多糖的胞外多糖由名为出芽短梗霉的真菌产生。它具有许多不同的特性，包括生物可降解性、适当的粘附性、抗氧化性、成膜能力、血液相容性、粘膜粘附性等。然而，其在制药行业的应用受到其在有机溶剂中的不溶性、机械特性以及缺乏携带大分子能力基团的限制。本综述概述了对普鲁兰多糖进行的修饰，包括高碘酸盐氧化、醚化、酯化、硫酸化、聚氨酯衍生化、聚乙二醇掺入和阳离子化，以提高其在有机溶剂中的溶解度、机械性能、pH敏感性、药物递送、抗凝血和抗菌性能。普鲁兰多糖结构中有九个可发生化学反应的活性羟基，可用于物理化学修饰以制备普鲁兰多糖衍生物。普鲁兰多糖修饰一直是其研究的一个关键领域，已证明修饰后的普鲁兰多糖具有增强的溶解度、pH敏感靶向性、拓宽递送系统的应用范围、抗凝血和抗菌性能。
