Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management of Crop in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China.
Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management of Crop in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China.
J Hazard Mater. 2020 Nov 5;398:122954. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122954. Epub 2020 May 25.
The ubiquitous contamination generating from the frequent input of agrochemicals is a major hurdle affecting the ecological sustainability of agroecosystems. Here, we investigated the dissipation of multiple pesticides in the subtropical rice-dominated landscapes under tillage intensity management, and unveiled the vital role of soil microbiome in promoting xenobiotic degradation. Three commonly used pesticides (including herbicide butachlor, insecticide clothianidin and fungicide tricyclazole) showed rapid dissipation dynamics in the field where the reduction of tillage intensity with straw incorporation was conducted. In response to pesticide exposure, soil microbial communities adapted quickly with slight changes in community composition and diversity. Meanwhile, the microbial xenobiotic degradation-related functions were stimulated, which possibly related to the increased organic carbon and nitrogen in soil. Importantly, these shifts and effects on microbial communities and functions gradually declined after a length of rice growing seasons, suggesting the flexibility of soil microbiome in tackling with long-term xenobiotic disturbance to maintain a diverse and vibrant soil biota. Overall, our study that displayed the enhanced agrochemical dissipation which benefited markedly from the interaction of tillage management and soil microbial functioning, provides important basis and insights for facilitating green, balanced and sustainable agriculture.
无处不在的农业化学物质频繁输入所产生的污染，是影响农业生态系统可持续性的主要障碍。在这里，我们研究了在耕作强度管理下，亚热带水稻为主的景观中多种农药的降解情况，并揭示了土壤微生物组在促进外来化合物降解方面的重要作用。三种常用农药（包括除草剂丁草胺、杀虫剂噻虫啉和杀菌剂三环唑）在进行减少耕作强度和秸秆还田的田间试验中表现出快速的降解动态。面对农药的暴露，土壤微生物群落通过群落组成和多样性的轻微变化快速适应。同时，刺激了微生物对外来化合物降解相关功能，这可能与土壤中有机碳和氮的增加有关。重要的是，这些微生物群落和功能的变化和影响在水稻生长季节后逐渐减弱，这表明土壤微生物组在应对长期外来化合物干扰以维持多样而有活力的土壤生物群方面具有灵活性。总的来说，我们的研究显示了增强的农业化学物质的降解，这明显得益于耕作管理和土壤微生物功能的相互作用，为促进绿色、平衡和可持续农业提供了重要的基础和见解。
