Neural Control of Movement Lab, HEST, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey, UK.
Neuroscientist. 2021 Apr;27(2):159-183. doi: 10.1177/1073858420923552. Epub 2020 Jun 6.
Human behavior is strongly influenced by our motivation to establish social relationships and maintain them throughout life. Despite the importance of social behavior across species, it is still unclear how neural mechanisms drive social actions. Rodent models have been used for decades to unravel the neural pathways and substrates of social interactions. With the advent of novel approaches to selectively modulate brain circuits in animal models, unprecedented testing of brain regions and neuromodulators that encode social information can be achieved. However, it is unclear which classes of social behavior and related neural circuits can be generalized across species and which are unique to humans. There is a growing need to define a unified blueprint of social brain systems. Here, we review human and rodent literature on the brain's social actuators, specifically focusing on social motivation. We discuss the potential of implementing multimodal neuroimaging to guide us toward a consensus of brain areas and circuits for social behavior regulation. Understanding the circuital similarity and diversity is the critical step to improve the translation of research findings from rodents to humans.
人类的行为受到建立社会关系并在一生中维持这些关系的动机的强烈影响。尽管社会行为在各个物种中都很重要，但神经机制如何驱动社会行为仍不清楚。啮齿动物模型已被使用了几十年，以揭示社会互动的神经通路和基质。随着新型方法的出现，可以选择性地调节动物模型中的大脑回路，从而以前所未有的方式测试编码社会信息的大脑区域和神经调质。然而，尚不清楚哪些类别的社会行为和相关的神经回路可以在物种间推广，哪些是人类独有的。现在越来越需要定义一个统一的社会大脑系统蓝图。在这里，我们回顾了人类和啮齿动物关于大脑社会驱动因素的文献，特别是侧重于社会动机。我们讨论了实施多模态神经影像学的潜力，以指导我们朝着大脑区域和回路的共识前进，从而调节社会行为。理解回路的相似性和多样性是将啮齿动物研究结果转化为人类研究的关键步骤。
