University of California, Berkeley.
San Francisco Department of Public Health.
Int J Drug Policy. 2021 Apr;90:102778. doi: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2020.102778. Epub 2020 Jun 4.
Expanding naloxone training stands to reduce opioid-related overdose deaths. The current study assessed the prevalence of overdose response training and use of naloxone among people who inject drugs (PWID).
Data were from a survey of PWID in San Francisco in 2018, recruited by respondent-driven sampling (RDS). Eligibility criteria were age over 18 years, injected non-prescribed drugs in the last year, San Francisco residence, and referral by another participant. Interviews collected demographic characteristics and injection-related behavior.
The sample (N=458) was majority male (67.5%) and over 45.5 years. Over three-fourths (76.0%) injected primarily opioids. Overall, 62.9% received overdose response training and 68.8% owned a naloxone kit. A majority (77.9%) had witnessed an overdose in the past year, of whom 55.8% used naloxone the last time they witnessed an overdose. Receiving overdose response training was significantly lower among persons of non-white race/ethnicity compared to whites (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 0.43, 95% CI 0.27, 0.69) and higher among those who owned naloxone (AOR 6.29, 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.95, 10.02) and used syringe exchange programs (AOR 3.51, 95% CI 1.41, 8.79).
While the majority of PWID have had overdose response training, gaps and disparities persist in promotion of naloxone use.
扩大纳洛酮培训有助于降低阿片类药物相关的过量死亡。本研究评估了注射吸毒者（PWID）中过量反应培训和纳洛酮使用的流行率。
数据来自 2018 年旧金山对 PWID 的一项调查，通过应答者驱动抽样（RDS）招募。入选标准为年龄大于 18 岁，过去一年中注射过非处方药物，在旧金山居住，并由另一名参与者推荐。访谈收集人口统计学特征和注射相关行为。
样本（N=458）主要为男性（67.5%），年龄超过 45.5 岁。超过四分之三（76.0%）的人主要注射阿片类药物。总体而言，62.9%的人接受过过量反应培训，68.8%的人拥有纳洛酮套件。大多数（77.9%）人在过去一年中目睹过一次过量，其中 55.8%的人在最后一次目睹过量时使用了纳洛酮。与白人相比，非白人和少数族裔（调整后的优势比 [AOR] 0.43，95%置信区间 [CI] 0.27，0.69）接受过量反应培训的比例显著较低，而拥有纳洛酮（AOR 6.29，95%CI 3.95，10.02）和使用注射器交换计划（AOR 3.51，95%CI 1.41，8.79）的人接受培训的比例较高。
尽管大多数 PWID 都接受了过量反应培训，但在推广纳洛酮使用方面仍存在差距和差异。
