Mesri Alamdari Naimeh, Irandoost Pardis, Roshanravan Neda, Vafa Mohammadreza, Asghari Jafarabadi Mohammad, Alipour Shahriar, Roshangar Leila, Alivand Mohammadreza, Farsi Farnaz, Shidfar Farzad
Department of Nutrition,Student research committee, School of Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Nutr Metab (Lond). 2020 Jun 1;17:42. doi: 10.1186/s12986-020-00458-8. eCollection 2020.
Obesity has reached an alarming rate worldwide. Promoting thermogenesis via increasing the function of brown adipose tissue (BAT) or white adipose tissue (WAT) browning has been proposed as a new protective approach against obesity. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of Royal Jelly (RJ) and tocotrienol rich fraction (TRF) on BAT activation and WAT browning during calorie restriction diet (CRD) in obesity model.
In this experimental study, 50 obese Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups and then received one of the following treatments for a period of 8-week: High-fat diet (HFD), CRD, RJ + CRD, TRF + CRD, and RJ + TRF + CRD. Effects of RJ and TRF, individually and in combination on body weight and the expression of key thermoregulatory genes in WAT and BAT were examined by quantitative real-time (qRT-PCR). Also, morphological alterations were assessed by hematoxylin and eosin staining.
RJ (- 67.21 g ±4.84 g) and RJ + TRF (- 73.29 g ±4.51 g) significantly reduced weight gain relative to the CRD group (- 40.70 g ±6.50 g, < 0.001). In comparison with the CRD group, RJ and RJ + TRF remarkably enhanced the uncoupling protein1 expression in WAT (5.81, 4.72 fold, < 0.001) and BAT (4.99, 4.75 fold, < 0.001). The expression of PR domain containing 16, cAMP response element-binding protein1 , P38 mitogen-activated protein kinases and Bone morphogenetic protein8B have significantly increased following RJ and RJ + TRF treatments ( < 0.001). However the expression levels of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta and Bone morphogenetic protein7 did not remarkably change. Multilocular beige cells in WAT and compacted dense adipocytes were also observed in BAT of RJ and RJ + TRF received groups. TRF showed no substantial effects on the expression of the mentioned thermoregulatory genes and brown fat-like phenotype.
Our results suggest that, Royal Jelly promotes thermogenesis and browning of WAT, contributing to an increase in energy expenditure. Thus, Royal Jelly may give rise to a novel dietary choice to attenuate obesity.
肥胖在全球范围内已达到惊人的比例。通过增强棕色脂肪组织（BAT）功能或白色脂肪组织（WAT）褐变来促进产热，已被提出作为一种对抗肥胖的新的保护方法。本研究的目的是评估蜂王浆（RJ）和富含生育三烯酚的组分（TRF）在肥胖模型的热量限制饮食（CRD）期间对BAT激活和WAT褐变的影响。
在本实验研究中，50只肥胖的Wistar大鼠被随机分为5组，然后接受以下治疗之一，为期8周：高脂饮食（HFD）、CRD、RJ+CRD、TRF+CRD和RJ+TRF+CRD。通过定量实时（qRT-PCR）检测RJ和TRF单独及联合使用对体重以及WAT和BAT中关键体温调节基因表达的影响。此外，通过苏木精和伊红染色评估形态学改变。
与CRD组（-40.70g±6.50g，<0.001）相比，RJ（-67.21g±4.84g）和RJ+TRF（-73.29g±4.51g）显著降低体重增加。与CRD组相比，RJ和RJ+TRF显著增强了WAT（分别为5.81倍、4.72倍，<0.001）和BAT（分别为4.99倍、4.75倍，<0.001）中解偶联蛋白1的表达。在RJ和RJ+TRF治疗后，含PR结构域的蛋白16、cAMP反应元件结合蛋白1、P38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶和骨形态发生蛋白8B的表达显著增加（<0.001）。然而，CCAAT/增强子结合蛋白β和骨形态发生蛋白7的表达水平没有明显变化。在接受RJ和RJ+TRF的组的WAT中观察到多泡米色细胞，在BAT中观察到紧密的致密脂肪细胞。TRF对上述体温调节基因的表达和棕色脂肪样表型没有显著影响。
我们的结果表明，蜂王浆促进WAT的产热和褐变，有助于增加能量消耗。因此，蜂王浆可能成为一种减轻肥胖的新型饮食选择。
