Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 49 Przybyszewskiego Street, 60-355 Poznan, Poland.
Nutrients. 2020 Jun 6;12(6):1702. doi: 10.3390/nu12061702.
The chronic character of inflammatory bowel diseases, such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, results in various complications. One of them is osteoporosis, manifested by low bone mineral density, which leads to an increased risk of fractures. The aetiology of low bone mineral density is multifactorial and includes both diet and nutritional status. Calcium and vitamin D are the most often discussed nutrients with regard to bone mineral density. Moreover, vitamins A, K, C, B12; folic acid; calcium; phosphorus; magnesium; sodium; zinc; copper; and selenium are also involved in the formation of bone mass. Patients suffering from inflammatory bowel diseases frequently consume inadequate amounts of the aforementioned minerals and vitamins or their absorption is disturbed, resulting innutritional deficiency and an increased risk of osteoporosis. Thus, nutritional guidelines for inflammatory bowel disease patients should comprise information concerning the prevention of osteoporosis.
炎症性肠病（如克罗恩病和溃疡性结肠炎）具有慢性特征，会导致各种并发症。其中之一是骨质疏松症，表现为骨密度低，导致骨折风险增加。骨密度低的病因是多因素的，包括饮食和营养状况。钙和维生素 D 是与骨密度最常讨论的营养素。此外，维生素 A、K、C、B12；叶酸；钙；磷；镁；钠；锌；铜；和硒也参与骨量的形成。患有炎症性肠病的患者经常摄入不足的上述矿物质和维生素，或者吸收受到干扰，导致营养缺乏和骨质疏松症风险增加。因此，炎症性肠病患者的营养指南应包括预防骨质疏松症的信息。
