Cell Isolation and Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Faculty Diabetes Center, University of Geneva Medical Center, Geneva, Switzerland.
Curr Diab Rep. 2020 Jun 10;20(8):31. doi: 10.1007/s11892-020-01316-w.
During the last decades, the field of regenerative medicine has been rapidly evolving. Major progress has been made in the development of biological substitutes applying the principles of cell transplantation, material science, and bioengineering.
Among other sources, amniotic-derived products have been used for decades in various fields of medicine as a biomaterial for the wound care and tissue replacement. Moreover, human amniotic epithelial and mesenchymal cells have been intensively studied for their immunomodulatory capacities. Amniotic cells possess two major characteristics that have already been widely exploited. The first is their ability to modulate and suppress the innate and adaptive immunities, making them a true asset for chronic inflammatory disorders and for the induction of tolerance in transplantation models. The second is their multilineage differentiation capacity, offering a source of cells for tissue engineering. The latter combined with the use of amniotic membrane as a scaffold offers all components necessary to create an optimal environment for cell and tissue regeneration. This review summarizes beneficial properties of hAM and its derivatives and discusses their potential in regenerative medicine.
在过去的几十年中，再生医学领域发展迅速。在细胞移植、材料科学和生物工程原理的应用方面，生物替代物的开发取得了重大进展。
除其他来源外，羊膜衍生产品几十年来一直被用于医学的各个领域，作为伤口护理和组织替代的生物材料。此外，人们还对人羊膜上皮细胞和间充质细胞的免疫调节能力进行了深入研究。羊膜细胞具有两大已被广泛利用的主要特征。第一个特征是其调节和抑制固有和适应性免疫的能力，这使它们成为慢性炎症性疾病和移植模型中诱导耐受的真正资产。第二个特征是其多能分化能力，为组织工程提供了细胞来源。后者与羊膜作为支架的使用相结合，为细胞和组织再生创造了最佳环境所需的所有成分。本综述总结了 hAM 及其衍生物的有益特性，并讨论了它们在再生医学中的潜力。
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