Barui Sugata, Cauda Valentina
Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy.
Pharmaceutics. 2020 Jun 8;12(6):527. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12060527.
The presence of leaky vasculature and the lack of lymphatic drainage of small structures by the solid tumors formulate nanoparticles as promising delivery vehicles in cancer therapy. In particular, among various nanoparticles, the mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) exhibit numerous outstanding features, including mechanical thermal and chemical stability, huge surface area and ordered porous interior to store different anti-cancer therapeutics with high loading capacity and tunable release mechanisms. Furthermore, one can easily decorate the surface of MSN by attaching ligands for active targeting specifically to the cancer region exploiting overexpressed receptors. The controlled release of drugs to the disease site without any leakage to healthy tissues can be achieved by employing environment responsive gatekeepers for the end-capping of MSN. To achieve precise cancer chemotherapy, the most desired delivery system should possess high loading efficiency, site-specificity and capacity of controlled release. In this review we will focus on multimodal decorations of MSN, which is the most demanding ongoing approach related to MSN application in cancer therapy. Herein, we will report about the recently tried efforts for multimodal modifications of MSN, exploiting both the active targeting and stimuli responsive behavior simultaneously, along with individual targeted delivery and stimuli responsive cancer therapy using MSN.
实体肿瘤存在渗漏的脉管系统且对小结构缺乏淋巴引流，这使得纳米颗粒成为癌症治疗中很有前景的递送载体。特别是，在各种纳米颗粒中，介孔二氧化硅纳米颗粒（MSN）具有许多突出特性，包括机械、热和化学稳定性、巨大的表面积以及有序的多孔内部结构，能够以高负载量和可调节的释放机制储存不同的抗癌治疗药物。此外，通过连接配体以利用过表达的受体特异性地主动靶向癌症区域，人们可以轻松地对MSN的表面进行修饰。通过采用对环境敏感的封端剂对MSN进行封端，可以实现药物向疾病部位的可控释放，而不会泄漏到健康组织中。为了实现精确的癌症化疗，最理想的递送系统应具备高负载效率、位点特异性和可控释放能力。在这篇综述中，我们将重点关注MSN的多模态修饰，这是与MSN在癌症治疗中的应用相关的最具挑战性的现行方法。在此，我们将报告最近在MSN多模态修饰方面所做的努力，同时利用主动靶向和刺激响应行为，以及使用MSN进行个体靶向递送和刺激响应性癌症治疗。
