de Loës M, Goldie I
Department of Social Medicine, Kronan Health Centre, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
Int J Sports Med. 1988 Dec;9(6):461-7. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-1025052.
A prospective study of acute injuries from sports and physical exercise was carried out during 1 year in a total population of a municipality with 31,620 inhabitants. Data on exposure were collected: the number of participants in each sport, the hours of participation, and number of weeks in the season per year. The number of injuries was used as numerator and the exposure data as denominator in a formula modified from Chambers for the calculation of population at risk in sports. A total of 571 injuries occurred in 28 different sports: 65% of the injured were males. The majority of the injuries were from soccer: 50% of the males and 27% of the females. Incidence rates in 17 sports are presented. The ranking order differs, when calculating not only the number, but also the exposure. Ice hockey and handball were then found to have the highest risk followed by soccer. Team and contact sports on the whole had the highest rates in both genders. As a group, intercompany players had the highest rate, especially in soccer. The lowest rates were found in individual sports such as downhill skiing, horseback riding, racket sports, and running. Gymnastics, except in school physical education, had no injuries at all. Sprains and strains were diagnosed in nearly half of the cases and the foot and ankle were the most frequent sites. Preventive measures are proposed.
在一个有31,620名居民的自治市总人口中，对运动和体育锻炼导致的急性损伤进行了为期1年的前瞻性研究。收集了暴露数据：每项运动的参与者人数、参与时间以及每年赛季的周数。在一个根据钱伯斯公式修改的公式中，将损伤数量用作分子，暴露数据用作分母，以计算运动中的风险人群。在28项不同运动中总共发生了571起损伤：65%的伤者为男性。大多数损伤来自足球：男性中有50%，女性中有27%。列出了17项运动的发病率。当不仅计算数量，还计算暴露量时，排名顺序会有所不同。当时发现冰球和手球的风险最高，其次是足球。总体而言，团队运动和接触性运动在男女中发病率都最高。作为一个群体，企业间运动员的发病率最高，尤其是在足球运动中。发病率最低的是个人运动，如下降滑雪、骑马、球拍运动和跑步。除了学校体育课程中的体操外，体操运动根本没有损伤发生。近一半的病例被诊断为扭伤和拉伤，足部和脚踝是最常见的受伤部位。提出了预防措施。
